A personal message from Founder
 and Director Keith Brainin

Dear Buyer, Midwife, Procurement Lead, Architect, Planner or Project Manager,

When choosing a water birth pool, the decision should never be based on appearance or price alone.

A birth pool is a clinical asset. It affects safety, hygiene, infection control, workflow, maternal comfort, staff confidence, long-term maintenance and the overall quality of the birthing environment.

That is why proper due diligence matters.

When you compare birth pools carefully — not just on initial cost, but on design, materials, safety, usability, cleaning, durability, installation, service life and real-world performance — the logical choice becomes clear.

Active Birth Pools are designed specifically for hospitals, birth centres and maternity units.

Every detail has been considered from the perspective of the people who matter most: mothers, midwives, infection control and manual handling teams, estates departments, procurement teams, architects and planners.

When carrying out your assessment, we encourage you to ask the questions that really matter:

Is the pool easy and safe for women to enter and leave?

Does it support upright, active and instinctive birthing positions?

Can midwives work comfortably around the pool without unnecessary strain?

Is the internal shape designed for movement, buoyancy and support?

Are the surfaces smooth, durable and easy to clean?

Are there unnecessary fittings, joints or recesses that could complicate infection control?

Is the material robust enough for long-term clinical use?

Will the pool still look professional after years of repeated use?

Is installation straightforward for estates teams and contractors?

Is the supplier experienced in hospital and birth centre projects?

Is support available before, during and after installation?

These are the questions that reveal the real value of a water birth pool.

A lower initial price can quickly become expensive if the product is difficult to clean, uncomfortable to use, awkward to install, poorly supported or less suited to the demands of a busy maternity unit.

Active Birth Pools are designed to avoid those compromises.

They combine elegant design with clinical practicality. They are comfortable for mothers, accessible for midwives, appropriate for healthcare environments and built to withstand the realities of repeated professional use.

For procurement teams, they offer long-term value.

For architects and planners, they provide a proven, attractive and practical solution for maternity room design.

For midwives, they support safe, confident, hands-on care.

For mothers, they create a calm, spacious and supportive environment for labour and birth.

Due diligence is not about choosing the cheapest option. It is about choosing the right one.

When you look closely at the design details, the materials, the user experience, the supplier’s expertise and the needs of everyone who will interact with the pool, Active Birth Pools stand apart.

I invite you to compare carefully.

Because when you do your due diligence, you will discover why Active Birth Pools are the logical choice.

I am here to help – please feel free to contact me if I can be of assistance in any way.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Best wishes,
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Keith Brainin
Founder and Director
Active Birth Pools est. 1987

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

Data Sheets, Plans and 3D Models

(CAD plans available upon request)

Wall Mounted Active II Water Birth Pool
Data Sheet

Use your cursor to move the model around

Freestanding Active 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column
Data Sheet

Wall Mounted Venus II Water Birth Pool
Data Sheet

Freestanding Venus 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column
Data Sheet

Wall Mounted Princess II Water Birth Pool
Data Sheet

 

 

Freestanding Princess 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column
Data Sheet

Water Column
Data Sheet

Active Birth Pools are hospital-grade sanitary ware products designed specifically for maternity environments.

They are manufactured under documented quality-control procedures and designed with reference to applicable sanitary-ware and healthcare-estates guidance, including BS EN 14516 / EN 14516 for cleanability and durability, CEN/TR 17221 for sanitary-appliance Declaration of Performance guidance, and HBN 00-10 Part C for sanitary assemblies in healthcare facilities.

CE documentation and Declarations of Performance are available where applicable. Plumbing and electrical components are specified to support local regulatory compliance, with third-party certified components used where required.

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Safety by Design: Protecting Mothers, Midwives and Hospitals

Safety drives every aspect of our design philosophy at Active Birth Pools.

We’ve engineered solutions that address the key safety challenges faced in maternity care, from manual handling and water management to infection prevention and long-term durability.

Ficore®, our proprietary composite, provides unrivalled strength, thermal stability and a non-porous surface that ensures superior hygiene.

Our pools are designed to safeguard mothers, protect midwives and meet the rigorous demands of hospital use.

Designed to optimise safety, negate risk and deliver safer birthing environments

Health and Safety risks you need to be aware of before buying a water birth pool

Manual handling risks associated with water birth pools

Sit and Swivel – The Natural Way to Enter the Pool

Smarter, Safer Design: How Our Water Birth Pools Are Evolving for Mothers and Midwives”

Water Safety Management

Midwives have safe, practical options for dealing with emergencies

Superior Material = Superior Safety, Value and Performance

Water Birth Safety Initiative

Water birth pools specially designed to give midwives superior safety, comfort and support

Advanced Ergonomic Design Enhances Comfort, Safety and Performance

Some water borne bacteria are tough

Birthing Pool Rules: Journal of Water Safety Forum Spring 2021

 

Active Birth Pools are hospital-grade sanitary ware products designed specifically for maternity environments.

They are manufactured under documented quality-control procedures and designed with reference to applicable sanitary-ware and healthcare-estates guidance, including BS EN 14516 / EN 14516 for cleanability and durability, CEN/TR 17221 for sanitary-appliance Declaration of Performance guidance, and HBN 00-10 Part C for sanitary assemblies in healthcare facilities.

CE documentation and Declarations of Performance are available where applicable.

Plumbing and electrical components are specified to support local regulatory compliance, with third-party certified components used where required.

40 Years of Innovation in User-Centred, Evidence-Based Ergonomic Birth Pool Design

Guided by user focussed, evidence-based ergonomic principles, we’ve spent decades refining the form and function of our water birth pools.

Each curve, contour, and detail is shaped by a deep understanding of how women move and give birth in water, and by how midwives work alongside them.

Our pools are designed not only to support mothers in comfort and freedom of movement, but also to safeguard midwives from risk, making their work safer, more comfortable and easier.

The Keyword that Defines our Design Ethos is Active

The Importance of Applying Ergonomic Design Principles to Water Birth Pools

Improving Birthing Pool Design: Case Study 18 – Chartered Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors

Smarter, Safer Design: How Our Water Birth Pools Are Evolving for Mothers and Midwives”

Active Birth Pools Wins Prestigious Design MasterPrize Award

The Design Philosophy Behind Active Birth Pools

Water birth pools specially designed to give midwives superior safety, comfort and support

The history of water birth and development of specialised water birth pools

Active Birth Pools and the Enduring Relevance of the “Ten Principles of Good Design”

First Prize Winner – European Design Awards

Designed to optimise safety, negate risk and deliver safer birthing environments

Embracing Simplicity and Excellence in Birthing Pool Design

Design Guide – Birthing Pool Units Hospital Development Magazine November 1993

Sheila Kitzinger speaks about birthing pool design

If Jony Ive Designed a Water Birth Pool, He Would Have Designed an Active Birth Pool

 

Why Ficore® Composite Makes a Superior Water Birth Pool.

The choice of material is fundamental to the success of a water birth pool, and at Active Birth Pools, we have chosen to fabricate our pools using Ficore® composite.

This proprietary material, developed to address the limitations of traditional materials like fibreglass and acrylic, offers extraordinary properties that enhance the performance, safety, and value of our water birth pools.

Ficore composite is a blend of eight different elements that are chemically fused during manufacturing and then heat-cured at a high temperature.

This process creates a material that is not only light in weight but incredibly strong in performance.

ficore

A cross section of FICORE® composite

Download: Material Assessment – Active Birth Pools Ficore® vs Acrylic and Fibreglass

Active Birth Pools are fabricated from a highly specialised material called Ficore® composite that has many advantages when compared to fibreglass or acrylic:

  • Extra-ordinary long-term life cycle value and sustainability
  • Highly polished surface is less slippery, more tactile and warm to the touch
  • Superior heat retention (less then .7 degree per hour heat loss)
  • Seamless one-piece construction easier to clean and more resistant to bacteria
  • Improved hygiene, water safety and infection control
  • Allows us to produce highly sculpted forms with more sharply defined details
  • Superior strength and durability
  • More resistant to damage and easily repaired like new if need be

One of the key benefits of Ficore is its superior heat retention.

Due to Ficore’s high insulation factor and double-wall construction Active Birth Pools maintain water temperature up to 7 times longer.

This ensures a more comfortable experience for the mother, as the water remains warm for a longer period without the need for frequent reheating, making the process more energy-efficient.

You’ll notice a significant difference in the surface temperature between Ficore and the other materials.

Ficore is warmer due to the fact that it is composite resin that is much denser than acrylic and fibreglass.

In terms of strength and durability, Ficore far outperforms fibreglass and acrylic.

It is 50% harder, providing a much higher degree of structural integrity.

Pools made from Ficore do not flex, buckle, bow, or change shape under pressure, ensuring they can withstand heavy use in demanding environments like hospitals.

This durability is crucial when considering the need for pools to endure frequent use and disinfection with caustic chemicals.

Another essential feature of Ficore composite is its slip-resistant surface.

The material has an incredibly high adhesion factor, which greatly reduces the risk of slipping.

This is particularly important in a water birth setting, where safety for both the mother and healthcare professionals is paramount.

The tactile nature of Ficore, combined with its warmth to the touch, makes the pools more physically appealing and helps mothers feel more at ease during labour.

Hygiene is a critical factor in any birthing environment, and Ficore’s non-porous surface ensures that it is highly resistant to bacteria.

The smooth, seamless surface is easy to clean, with no crevices for bacteria to hide, thus helping to prevent infections.

Additionally, Ficore’s ability to withstand continuous exposure to heat and thermal shock from alternating hot and cold water adds to its suitability for use in birthing pools.

Ficore is more impervious to damage than other bath materials.

However, if it is damaged, it can be completely repaired as new – unlike many alternative materials.

Ficore is able to withstand both continuous heat or hot water and thermal shock of alternating hot and cold water.

An Active Birth Pool manufactured in Ficore meets or exceeds all relevant regulations and will withstand the rigours of heavy hospital use and disinfection with caustic chemicals.

Water birth pools made from Ficore composite offer a range of benefits that far surpass those made from traditional materials like fibreglass or acrylic.

Ficore provides superior heat retention, enhanced durability, exceptional hygiene standards, and improved safety through its slip-resistant and tactile surface.

These qualities make Active Birth Pools the ideal choice for birthing environments, offering a safer, more comfortable, and hygienic option for water births

Ficore® composite data and specification

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

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Active Birth Pools Video Showcase

These three short videos take just ten minutes to watch. They explain the thinking, engineering and clinical insight behind Active Birth Pools. In that time you’ll understand why our award-winning pools have become the best-selling water birth pools in the world.

We’ve come up with a unique solution that makes entering our pools simple and safe. All women no matter what their shape or size will find it exceptionally easy to get into our pools.

These educational videos produced by midwives for midwives provide an accessible starting point for understanding water birth. They explore the practical steps involved in safely facilitating labour and birth in water.

The Importance of Applying Ergonomic Design Principles to Water Birth Pools

In modern maternity care, the integration of ergonomically designed equipment is essential to promoting safety, comfort, and effectiveness. Nowhere is this more evident than in the design of water birth pools, where ergonomics plays a vital role in optimising outcomes for mothers, babies, and midwives alike.

Supporting Mothers Through Optimised Design

Water birth is widely recognised for its benefits, including reduced perception of pain, increased mobility and shorter labours. However, to realise these benefits fully, the design of the birth pool must support the natural physiology of labour and birth. An ergonomically designed birth pool enables the mother to move freely and instinctively. This includes features such as specialised seating for dynamic positioning, integrated handholds for support, and sufficient space and depth to allow full immersion in the variety of postures natural to labour and birth.

The interior of the pool should align with the anatomical needs of mothers, promoting upright postures and active birth positions. Properly contoured walls and smooth transitions between surfaces encourage instinctive movement, reduce muscular strain, and support physiological labour. This not only enhances comfort but also facilitates the natural release of oxytocin and endorphins, essential for a positive birth.

Protecting the Midwife: Reducing Strain and Risk

Midwives are at the heart of water birth care, yet too often, poorly designed pools place them at risk of musculoskeletal injury. Ergonomic principles must consider the working posture and safety of midwifes. An ideal water birth pool allows for safe and effective maternal monitoring, assistance during birth, and emergency access, all without requiring the midwife to bend awkwardly, reach excessively, or kneel for extended periods.

Features such as extra-wide rounded rims and recessed surrounds ensure that midwives can work in neutral postures. This reduces physical strain and helps prevent the cumulative injuries associated with repetitive, awkward movements. Ergonomic design thus supports workforce sustainability by improving occupational health and safety.

Ensuring Clinical Safety and Practical Functionality

From an institutional perspective, ergonomic design also intersects with clinical governance. A well-designed pool must facilitate cleaning and infection control, integrate safely with the clinical environment, and meet relevant standards for structural integrity and hygiene. Rounded edges, seamless surfaces, and access to essential plumbing all contribute to maintaining a safe, efficient, and hygienic birthing environment.

Furthermore, effective ergonomic design allows for better management of emergency situations. Features that enable rapid evacuation or safe assisted birth within the pool are essential. These elements ensure that clinical protocols can be followed without compromising maternal dignity or safety.

Conclusion

Ergonomic design in water birth pools is not a luxury – it is a necessity. For mothers, it promotes comfort, support, and physiological labour. For midwives, it negates the risk of injury, facilitates good practice and enhances job satisfaction. For institutions, it ensures compliance, efficiency, and safety. By applying ergonomic principles to every aspect of water birth pool design, maternity units can offer a higher standard of care that reflects the needs of all birthing mothers, midwives and healthcare facilities.

Active Birth Pools and the Enduring Relevance of the “Ten Principles of Good Design”

Water birth pools specially designed to give midwives superior safety, comfort and support

The keyword that defines our approach is ‘Active’.

The keyword that defines our approach to design is ‘Active’.

If we look up the definition of ‘Active Birth’ we get, “Childbirth during which the mother is encouraged to move around freely and assume any position which feels comfortable”.

Founder and Director Keith Brainin spent 17 years as co-director of the Active Birth Centre in London with world famous author, educator and childbirth activist Janet Balaskas where he met water birth pioneer Michel Odent, Sheila Kitzinger and many other midwives and childbirth experts.

The knowledge and understanding gained from this formative experience has enabled us to design water birth pools that uniquely fulfil the needs of labouring women enabling them to have a better experience of labour and birth.

Freedom of movement combined with the relaxing effects of warm water and release of oxytocin significantly increases the possibility of a physiological labour and natural active birth.

We’ve spent decades observing the way that mothers move in our pools and considered how to best serve their needs.

Our passion for excellence has led us to study ergonomic design theory and to work closely with mothers, midwives, health and safety and manual handling experts.

Active Birth Pools provide optimum support for mothers in the range of upright positions natural to labour and birth.

They can hold onto the recessed handgrips or use the wrap around, bullnose-shape rim for support as the they move around the pool to explore and find the most beneficial upright positions.

Features such as the Labour Support Seat, Safety Seat and Lumbar Support create additional possibilities for mothers to explore and find the most comfortable and beneficial positions.

The design of our pools allows partners to sit in comfort and get really close to the mother.

The intimacy that couples experience with our pools is unique. No other pools allow partners to be so close without actually getting in the water.

The support thats provided both physically and emotionally has many benefits, and is key to helping mothers cope with pain and progress to experiencing physiological labour and natural birth.

Mothers simply tell us that, ‘they love our pools’.

They are actively encouraged to move freely and naturally.

They instinctively interact with the pool and find comfort and support wherever they are.

They benefit from complete freedom of movement and unparalleled comfort and therefore have greater probability of experiencing a physiological labour and having a natural active birth.

But, this is not the case with most water birth pools as renown author and educator Sheila Kitzinger OBE wrote in  ‘The clock, the bed, the chair’…

“Even a recent innovation, the birth pool, does not always permit free movement.

In theory, a pool allows a woman, supported by water, to move unencumbered.

Or so it might be thought.

Though published research often refers to mobility as an advantage of being in a pool, some pools are elaborate constructions with seats, handgrips and foot-rests, and movement in them is restricted.”

The pool dictates the position the mother should be in by placing her in a semi-recumbent posture with hand holds and foot rests to fix the arms and legs.

Mothers are positioned in the classic lying back with legs wide-open position but happen to be immersed in water.

The seats in these water birth pools are typically tilted backwards.

The mother is immobilised in a position with her pelvis tilted upwards resulting in her  pelvic outlet being up to 30% smaller.

This puts pressure on the sacrum which flexes upward, into a curved position that restricts the diameter of the pelvic outlet inhibiting the baby’s descent.

The birth canal is placed in an “uphill” orientation, forcing the mother to push upward against gravity to give birth to her  baby.

These seats and moulded fittings greatly reduce the space the mother has to move in and restricts her ability to use the positions most beneficial.

The benefits of labouring in water are largely negated.

The possibility of a physiological labour and natural birth is greatly reduced.”

Active Birth Pools Wins Prestigious Design MasterPrize Award

We are pleased to announce that the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with bespoke Water Column has just been announced as a winner in the prestigious Design MasterPrize Award.

Judges said that,

“The Active II/360 was a sophisticated solution tailored for healthcare facilities striving to provide exemplary maternity care.

This advanced combination integrates a state-of-the-art water birth pool with a functional and stylish water column, epitomising the latest in design innovation and material technology for the maternity care sector.

The focus has been on creating a solution that offers superior functionality, safety, and comfort, while also addressing the practical needs of both healthcare providers and mothers.”

The Design Masterprize (DMP) stands as a pinnacle of design achievement, committed to promoting global excellence in the field.

This prestigious international contest, akin to its sister organization, the Architecture Masterprize (AMP) architecture awards, emphasizes the influential role of design in a variety of sectors, including product, communication, and graphic design.

Winner – Building Better Healthcare Awards

The Active Birth Pool has been recognised at the prestigious Building Better Healthcare Awards, receiving a “Highly Commended” accolade in the category for Best Internal Building Product.

Judges praised the exceptional quality of the pool’s design and manufacturing, describing the Active Birth Pool as highly appealing and noting the care, precision and innovation behind its development.

Designed for modern maternity units, the Active Birth Pool brings together beauty, durability, functionality and clinical practicality in one seamless, purpose-built product. Every element has been carefully considered — from the way mothers move and rest during labour, to the way midwives support, monitor and care for them.

At the heart of the design is a simple but powerful idea: the pool should support physiological labour and birth. Mothers have generous space to move freely and instinctively, with the freedom to adopt the upright, forward-leaning and supported positions that are most natural during labour.

One of the pool’s most distinctive features is its signature extra-wide rim. With broad, smooth, bull-nosed edges flowing into the sculpted skirting and down to the floor, the rim gives the Active Birth Pool its unmistakable profile.

It is also highly practical. The wide, flat surface allows mothers to lean forward comfortably on their forearms — one of the most effective positions during labour. It also provides secure support when entering or leaving the pool, while giving midwives and birth partners a stable place to lean, rest or assist.

Integrated handrails, set neatly into the rim, offer additional support for mothers in upright positions, helping them feel safe, stable and in control.

The Active Birth Pool also tackles one of the most important concerns in water birth: emergency evacuation. Built-in design features give midwives several safe options for assisting a mother from the pool, in line with Health & Safety and Manual Handling requirements.

Two standout features are the Labour Support Seat and the Safety Seat.

The Labour Support Seat has been physiologically designed to help support the mother’s pelvis and birth canal as the body prepares for a natural birth.

The rim-level Safety Seat provides a wide, comfortable platform for the mother to lean on, supports safe emergency evacuation, and allows midwives to monitor mother and baby without requiring the mother to stand or leave the water.

The pool’s seamless, one-piece construction incorporates a deeply sculpted concave skirting panel, allowing midwives to work close to the mother in comfort, with space for their legs beneath the pool.

The Active Birth Pool is manufactured in Ficore®, a proprietary composite material specially developed for high-quality baths. Ficore® was chosen to overcome many of the problems associated with conventional pool materials. It is 50% harder than acrylic and fibreglass, highly resistant to chemicals, and exceptionally durable.

Despite its strength, the surface is smooth, tactile and warm to the touch. Its high insulation value also helps the pool retain water temperature up to six times longer than standard acrylic or fibreglass birth pools.

Handmade and custom-built to order by a team with more than 95 years’ combined experience in the design and production of high-end baths, the Active Birth Pool is built to deliver decades of reliable service.

For maternity units seeking a water birth pool that combines clinical performance, comfort, safety and outstanding design, the Active Birth Pool offers a compelling first choice.

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

 

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Designed to optimise safety, negate risk and deliver safer birthing environments

When it comes to the creation and care of water birth facilities nothing is more important then Health and Safety.

Micro-organisms breed freely in warm moist environments and must be prevented from propagating.

The potential for water birth pools to be both a habitat and a delivery medium for harmful bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Legionella is well known.

We completely understand this and engineered our water birth pools to optimise safety, negate risk and deliver safer birthing environments.

Seamless one-piece construction in Ficore combined with the minimum of fittings result in water birth pools of unparalleled hygiene and water safety.

Active Birth Pools are fabricated from proprietary material with unique qualities called Ficore®  composite.

Ficore has much higher degree of strength, durability and resistance to bacteria when compared to fibreglass or acrylic.

Seamless, one-piece construction in Ficore® improves hygiene by denying bacteria the environment to grow.

The ultra-hard surface makes our water birth pools easier to clean and more resistant to bacteria.

With Health Department Regulations as a guideline we have utilised intelligent design and a range of innovations to negate risk and maximise water safety.

In addition to the advantages that Ficore give our pools from a material perspective we need to look at the advantages it provides from an engineering and manufacturing perspective.

Ficore’s unique properties allow us to design our pools with flowing, organic forms that improve hygiene by facilitating more effective cleaning.

The super smooth finish and flowing contours optimise drainage and eliminate “dirt traps”.

Hand grips

Our stainless steel hand grips, supplied by renown brassware manufacturer Samuel Heath are bonded directly into the pool

They are not surface mounted like on other birthing pools.

The bar is solidly sealed into the fabric of the pool with Ficore.

There are no gaps – there is no movement.

This make it impossible for moisture penetrate and for bacteria to breed.

Drainage System

Our drainage is purpose designed and manufactured to the highest standards.

It has been a subject of interest of numerous investigations by infection control specialists, all of them who came back to use to give their approval.

The waste sits in a recess and is double sealed in with silicone for a water tight, bacteria resistant seal.

The stainless steel fittings are made from solid brass and won’t be damaged from use of of chlorides and other disinfectants.

The plug can be taken out and soaked in hypochlorite in between births.

The rim mounted control wheel can be easily removed for cleaning.


Multi-Colour LED Underwater Lighting

The internal light fitting fits flush to the sidewall, has a stainless steel bezel and is sealed in with silicone.

Due to the fact that the fittings are water tights and vertically mounted water cannot penetrate or build up.

The control switch on the rim is is also water tight and fully sealed.

Taps and Showers

We do not supply taps but recommend 3/4″ thermostatic bath or bath/shower mixers like the Rada T3.

Taps are never mounted on the rim but on the wall or water column as shown above.

Spouts should be 25cm above the rim to prevent contact from pool water and to protect the mother from hitting her head.

Handheld showers are very useful for cleaning the pool but must be detachable so they can be removed while the pool is in use.

Freestanding water birth pools are becoming increasingly popular.

For wall mounted installations the thermostatic taps, spout, handheld shower and grab rail are fixed to an IPS Panel in accordance with health department regulations.

For freestanding birthing pools a solution needed to be found.

To solve this problem we developed the Water Column – a bespoke design concept that separates the plumbing from the pool to optimise hygiene and water safety and provide crucial support for mothers and midwives.

It’s highly utilitarian, sleek ergonomic design complements the look and usability of our pools.

Health and Safety risks you need to be aware of before buying a water birth pool

Manual handling risks associated with water birth pools

Water Birth Safety Initiative

Freedom of Movement video hits 12,000,000 views on YouTube!

This short video shows that in our water birth pools mothers have room to move freely in the postures natural to labour and birth.

How they instinctively relate to the pool and move naturally to find the most comfortable and beneficial positions.

Freedom of movement combined with the relaxing effects of warm water enhance the release of oxytocin which significantly increases the likelihood for mothers to experience physiological labour and natural birth.

Water Birth Videos made by Midwives for Midwives

Multi-Colour Chromotherapy LED Lighting and Bluetooth Sound

A calm, soothing atmosphere can help reduce stress and anxiety, allowing mothers to relax more deeply and support the natural flow of physiological labour.

By integrating multi-colour chromotherapy LED lighting and Bluetooth sound into our birth pools, we’ve created an environment where sensory comfort plays a central role in promoting safe, gentle births.

Our advanced LED lighting system features six tranquil colours, casting a soft ambient glow throughout the room and within the pool itself.

Midwives can see much more clearly into the pool enabling them to monitor the situation more easily and effectively without intruding on the mother.

Complementing chromotherapy lighting is a fully integrated Bluetooth sound system that has been specially developed for our water birth pools

With two premium built in speakers mothers can wirelessly connect to play music making the ambiance of the room more personal and conducive to labour.

Our light and sound systems can be supplied in both 230 and 120 volts (USA).

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

Water birth pools specially designed to give midwives superior safety, comfort and support

When it comes to choosing a water birth pool there are many important factors that need to be considered.

Above all is the safety, comfort and well-being of midwives.

Though factors such as health & safety, manual handling, long-term value, cost, build-quality,  sustainability, hygiene and over-all performance are important midwives safety and well-being is by far the most critical.

Because midwives work with the pools on an ongoing basis their needs must be considered and intelligently designed for.

Designed with midwives’ comfort, safety and well-being firmly in mind.

The ergonomic design ensures midwives can maintain proper posture, reducing physical strains and improving overall results and job satisfaction.

The basis for our unique approach stems from ground-breaking work we did  in 1995 with ergonomist Sue Hignet published in the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors.

This led to significant improvements in design that resulted in water birth pools that are safer, more comfortable and easy-to-use.

The key innovation that led to a paradigm shift in midwives comfort was to develop a design with a concave (rather than a vertical surround).

This allowed midwives to sit with their legs under the rim, as if they were sitting at a desk.

To accommodate the highly sculpted outer panels of our pools we incorporated extra-wide rims (up to 250mm) with a distinctive rounded edge.

This quantum leap forward in design provides many important benefits to mothers and midwives:

  • Midwives are much more comfortable as they can fully rest their forearms across the rim
  • Mothers have simple, safe options to get in and out of the pool without climbing up steps
  • Emergency evacuations are facilitated easily with or without a portable hoist
  • Mothers use the rim to relax on and for support in upright positions
  • Hand grips are set into the rim rather than being surface mounted
  • Mothers grab onto the bull nose shaped rim for support from any where in the pool

     “I wanted to take a moment to express my admiration for the brilliant design of your water birth pool.  I truly admire how your design considers both midwife and mother-friendly features, making it unique and practical.”       Parisa Hadavi Bavili – Midwife, Anatomist, and Innovator in Healthcare

In this photo you see how comfortable and well supported the midwife is, and how this enables her to be fully present to safely fulfil the obligations of her job.

She is sitting naturally, grounded in comfort with her legs tucked well under the pool and her arms resting gently on the extra-wide rim.

Note: the rim is not obstructed with taps or fittings enabling midwives to move easily around the pool.

By comparison:

Looking at the majority of other water birth pools on the market you see a very different picture.

The solid, vertical surround of the pool forms an obstacle between mother and midwife making it impossible for midwives to sit in comfort and actually puts them at risk.

In addition, the narrow rim is not comfortable for leaning on as pressure is concentrated in a small area of the forearm.

Midwives have to splay their feet and legs apart and bend forward to get close to the mother.

Not only is this very uncomfortable but, the strain can lead to back ache, tension in the neck and shoulders and time off work.

As a result the ability of midwives to do their jobs is compromised, results and job satisfaction are diminished.

Form is based on function and design is pared down to the essence of aesthetic utility.

There is a reason for every shape, every curve and every form.

As Steve Jobs of Apple said,

“It takes a lot of hard work to make something simple, to truly understand the underlying challenges and come up with elegant solutions.”

Intelligently designed to safely fulfil the needs of mothers and midwives

If you’re looking for a water birth pool we’re uniquely qualified to be of service

Improving Birthing Pool Design: Case Study 18 – Chartered Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors

 

The Design Philosophy Behind Active Birth Pools

In the world of industrial design, few principles have stood the test of time like those set forth by Dieter Rams. Among his “Ten Principles of Good Design,” one stands out for its quiet power and enduring relevance: “Good design is as little design as possible.” This idea champions simplicity, honesty, and restraint—a philosophy that aligns perfectly with the ethos behind Active Birth Pools.

At Active Birth Pools, we design water birth pools not just as products, but as environments. Our pools support one of life’s most natural and transformative events: childbirth. This is not a time or place for gimmicks, clutter, or over-engineering. Instead, our focus is on creating objects that are intuitive, purposeful, and deeply respectful of the experience they’re designed to serve.

Form Follows Function—And Empathy

When we say “as little design as possible,” we’re not talking about doing less. We’re talking about doing only what’s essential—and doing it beautifully. Every curve, surface, and contour of an Active Birth Pool is there for a reason. There is no ornamentation, no unnecessary elements added to make a statement. The pool’s elegant, organic form is shaped entirely by the physiological needs of women in labour and the practical requirements of midwives and clinical staff.

The result is a design that feels as natural as the process it supports. It invites instinctive use and makes sense without explanation. This is design that understands the moment and quietly serves it.

Design That Disappears Into the Experience

Our goal is not to impress with visible complexity but to enable a powerful experience through simplicity. When a woman enters an Active Birth Pool, she shouldn’t be thinking about the product; she should be free to focus entirely on herself and her baby. The pool becomes part of the background—supportive, safe, unobtrusive. It’s not a showpiece; it’s a silent partner in birth.

This kind of “invisible” design is only possible when everything unnecessary is stripped away. What remains is the essence—a sculptural yet practical space that feels calm, grounded, and purposeful.

Integrated, Not Added-On

Good design does not bolt on features. It integrates them. At Active Birth Pools, every element—whether it’s a hand grip, step, or recessed area for medical access—is part of the form itself. There are no visible seams, fixtures, or accessories that suggest improvisation. Everything flows together in a unified whole, contributing to both safety and aesthetics.

This seamless integration also supports infection control and long-term durability—crucial factors in hospital environments. But more than that, it’s a commitment to clarity and coherence in design.

Material Honesty and Tactile Comfort

We select materials not just for their performance but for their sensory qualities. The finish of our pools is smooth, warm, and inviting to the touch. It’s easy to clean, gentle against the skin, and psychologically comforting—a key consideration for women in labour.

This is another way we practice “as little design as possible.” We let the materials speak for themselves, choosing those that support the function and the feeling without the need for artificial textures or decorative layering.

Quiet Confidence in a Clinical World

In hospital settings, design can often be sterile or overbearing. By contrast, Active Birth Pools offer a quiet confidence. Their presence in a room is understated yet reassuring. They don’t try to dominate the space; they help define it with dignity and grace.

This sense of calm and order is not just aesthetic—it’s functional. A well-designed pool reduces stress, supports natural movement, and allows midwives to work more effectively. In this way, minimal design becomes a powerful tool for improving outcomes.

Conclusion: Less, But Better

At its core, “good design is as little design as possible” is about restraint, intention, and clarity. It’s about stripping away the noise to let the true purpose shine through. This philosophy is not a style—it’s a discipline. And it’s one we practice daily at Active Birth Pools.

By honouring the principle of minimal design, we’ve created birth pools that are not only clinically superior and user-friendly, but emotionally supportive and deeply human. In a world of overdesigned solutions, our pools stand as a quiet reminder: sometimes, the best design is the one you don’t notice at all.

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

Key performance metrics for hospital grade water birth pools

Water birth pools specially designed to give midwives superior safety, comfort and support

Smarter, Safer Design: How Our Water Birth Pools Are Evolving for Mothers and Midwives”

As there is no acceptable risk of mothers hitting their heads on protruding spouts we designed the Water Channel to safeguard them by making it impossible for them to come in contact.

If you look at the photo below you’ll see a distinctive “keyhole” shape channel set into the rim of  the pool.

We designed the  water channel to work in conjunction with wall mounted taps set well above the rim and short length spouts to prevent the risk of accident or injury.

The channel has opened up the back section of the pool so that mothers have complete freedom of movement around the pool.

Mothers can safely lean against the back of the pool and use recessed handgrips or the rounded rim for support.

When you look at other water birth pools one of the first things you notice is rim mounted metal work like taps. handgrips and controls.

These obstruct movement around pool and present  manual handling and water safety risks.

The absence of rim mounted metalwork allows mothers and midwives to move freely around the pool without risk.

Bacteria propagate on and around rim mounted fittings which increases the risk of cross infection.

Our smooth, seamless rims are free of fittings which makes them easier to clean and significantly reduces hygiene and water safety risks.

The back of the pool has been redesigned with sharper curves and wider rims to provide midwives with greater comfort, support and all-round access.

Midwives can comfortably sit on a stool like the one in this photo and move freely around the pool to attuned the mother.

In short: this seemingly simple innovation has transformed our water birth pools.  They’re safer and more user-friendly for both mothers and midwives.

Advanced Ergonomic Design Enhances Comfort, Safety and Performance

Trusted Worldwide for Safety-Driven Design and Proven Performance

 

 

 

 

 

The Water Column complements the aesthetic of our water birth pools

The highly utilitarian, sleek design of the Water Column complements the aesthetic of our pools and provides a safe, practical, hygienic solution for installing plumbing and fittings.

This strong, sturdy column is ideal for mothers to hold onto when getting in and out of the pool and to use for support in upright and standing positions during labour.

By taking fittings off the rim water safety and manual handing risks are negated and midwives have unobstructed access to mothers and are free to move around the pool.

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

First Prize Winner – European Design Awards

Judges at the prestigious European Design Awards awarded first prize to the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool in the Healthcare: Safety Design Category.

European Product Design Award (ePDA) is a cutting-edge global event dedicated to elevating and promoting the art of Product Design.

The European Product Design Award™ recognises the efforts of talented international product designers who aim to improve our daily lives with their practical, well-thought-out creations.

Introducing the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with
Bespoke Water Column: A Pinnacle of Maternity Care 

Active Birth Pools offers the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with Bespoke Water Column, a sophisticated solution tailored for healthcare facilities striving to provide exemplary maternity care.

This advanced combination integrates a state-of-the-art water birth pool with a functional and stylish water column, epitomizing the latest in design innovation and material technology for the maternity care sector.

Advanced Development for Modern Healthcare Needs

The Active II/360 Water Birth Pool, a product of Active Birth Pools, is designed to meet the evolving demands of contemporary maternity care.

Paired with the Bespoke Water Column, this system is the result of extensive research and collaboration with healthcare professionals.

The focus has been on creating a solution that offers superior functionality, safety, and comfort, while also addressing the practical needs of both healthcare providers and mothers.

Ergonomic Design for Enhanced Experience

The Active II/360 Water Birth Pool is designed with an emphasis on ergonomic excellence and spatial efficiency.

The pool’s keyhole shape is not only visually appealing but also provides functional benefits, supporting a variety of birthing positions and movements.

The pool includes recessed hand grips and a bull-nose shaped rim for added support and safety.

The Bespoke Water Column is seamlessly integrated, offering an elegant solution for necessary plumbing and fixtures, thus enhancing the pool’s utility and aesthetic.

Superior Material Quality

Constructed from Ficore®, a proprietary composite material exclusive to Active Birth Pools, the Active II/360 offers exceptional durability, hygiene, and safety.

The material’s highly polished, ultra-smooth surface is less slippery, crucial for ensuring safety.

The Water Column, made from the same quality material, complements the pool’s design and maintains the high hygiene standards required in healthcare environments.

User-Centric Features

The Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with the Water Column includes a labour support seat, facilitating optimal birthing positioning and comfort for the mother and a rim-level safety seat for monitoring and emergency evacuations.

The pool’s design enables free movement, which is essential for the effective use of water immersion during labour.

The Water Column adds functionality as a stable support structure and a practical utility platform.

Integrated Technological Enhancements

The pool is equipped with Multi-Colour LED Lighting and Bluetooth Sound systems, enabling the creation of a personalized and soothing environment.

These features are integral in establishing a supportive atmosphere that is conducive to natural childbirth.

Sustainability and Economic Benefits

The durable design of the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with Bespoke Water Column makes it a sustainable and economically sound choice for healthcare facilities.

Its long-term performance and reduced replacement requirements make it an efficient investment, aligning with the economic and environmental goals of modern healthcare institutions.

Global Adoption and Acclaim

The Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with Bespoke Water Column has been recognized globally for its innovative approach to maternity care.

Its adoption by healthcare facilities worldwide is a testament to its effectiveness, reliability, and commitment to advancing water birth practices.

In conclusion, the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool with Bespoke Water Column by Active Birth Pools represents a harmonious blend of advanced design, superior material technology, and thoughtful integration of user-centric features.

It stands as a strategic and innovative choice for healthcare facilities looking to provide a superior maternity care experience, offering comfort, safety, and efficiency in a comprehensive and elegant package.

Active II/360 Water Birth Pool – Data Sheet

Place your cursor on the model below to move the image around.

To see how the Active II/360 Water Birth Pool would look in your
delivery room click on the banner below with your phone or tablet.

The Keyword that Defines our Design Ethos is Active

The keyword that defines our approach to design is ‘Active’.

If we look up the definition of ‘Active Birth’  we get, “Childbirth during which the mother is encouraged to move around freely and assume any position which feels comfortable”.

Active Birth Pools provide mothers with the space and depth to move freely in the postures natural to labour and birth.

As she moves, she intuitively discovers features that provide support and make her more comfortable.

Design is based upon the dynamics of mothers and midwives as they interact with the pool and each other.

Form is based on function and pared down to the essence of aesthetic utility.

There is a reason for every shape, every curve and every form.

Our water birth pools encourage mothers to move freely and naturally.

They instinctively interact with the pool and find comfort and support wherever they are.

Freedom of movement combined with the relaxing effects of warm water and release of oxytocin significantly increases the possibility of physiological labour and birth.

We are pioneers, innovators and trend setters.

Our water birth pools have continuously evolved over the past 35 years.

We’re able to achieve our latest designs because of the highly specialised material we use.

Ficore, a composite resin with unique properties enables us to create incredibly curvaceous pools that mothers and midwives find exceptionally comfortable, practical and easy to use.

In mid-90’s we met with a design specialist to discuss ways our water birth pools could be improved to better serve the needs of mothers and midwives.

This lead to the ground-breaking innovations in birth pool design that have culminated in todays range of award winning water birth pools.

Below a copy of article that appeared in the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors charting the paradigm shift in birth pool design that occurred in the mid-90’s:

 

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Sit and Swivel – The Natural Way to Enter the Pool

The simple act of mothers entering the pool is one of the most misunderstood aspects of water birth practice. 

Entering a water birth pool should never be a risk or feel like a challenge. For mothers in strong labour who are often tired and can be unsteady on their feet ease of access is essential.

All women no matter what their shape or size will find it exceptionally easy to get into our pools. Mothers don’t even think about it – they move instinctively and naturally lower themselves into the water.

Midwives are safeguarded from the risk associated with physically supporting mothers.

We’ve come up with a unique solution that makes entering our pools simple and safe

We’ve met with manual handling and safety experts and deeply considered the design our pools with this in mind.

As a result – all women, regardless of their size, shape or fitness level enter our pools safely with ease and minimal need for assistance.

At the heart of this solution is our signature extra-wide rim, which allows mothers to simply sit down, swivel and gently lower themselves into the water, a natural, fluid motion that eliminates the need for climbing or awkward manoeuvres.

DOWNLOAD – Manual Handling Assessment: Safe Entry and Exit for Hospital Water Birth Pools

Sit and Swivel – The Natural Way to Enter the Pool

With 3 points of contact at all times mothers remain grounded as they sit on the rim and swivel into the pool. 

Midwives are safeguarded from the challenges and risks associated with multi-step units, as they do not need to support mothers climbing to get into the pool in wet room conditions.

A Simple Step Unit Makes all the Difference 

The single step unit gives mothers a crucial height advantage, lowering the effective pool rim to about 60 cm, akin to a standard bathtub – so women of all shapes and sizes find entering instinctive and effortless.

Together with the extra‑wide rim, the step unit supports a natural, grounded transition into the water.

Mothers simply step on, swivel around and sit safely, without ever needing to climb, maintaining three points of contact at all times.

  • This design not only protects mothers from unnecessary risk, but also safeguards midwives by reducing the need for physical assistance during entry and exit.
  • Unlike bulky, cumbersome multi-step units found with other water birth pools, the compact single step never obstructs the midwife’s free movement around the pool.
  • By eliminating this obstruction, it also removes the trip hazard such larger step units often create- ensuring a safer, more fluid working environment for the entire birth team.

To put this in perspective:

The average height of our pools is 75cm – about the same height as a desk or dining table.

Our 15cm high single step makes the height of the pool  60cm – the same height as an ordinary bathtub.

Warning: Risks associated with Multi-Step Units

There is a wide-spread misunderstanding that multi-step units that are equipped handrails are necessary for mothers to use for getting in and out of water birth pools.

Most birth pool companies offer big multi-step units with handrails for mothers to get in and out of their pools.

The design of their water birth pools with narrow rims and higher sides necessitates them.

Multi-step units are dangerous and in the case of Active Birth Pools unnecessary

Health and Safety experts advise against multi-step units as they present unacceptable safety risks.

They say that,

“The thought of  wet room conditions with mothers in strong labour climbing up a multi-step unit, stepping over a rim and down onto a submerged plinth is abhorrent.

When not in use these these bulky step units take up too much space, obstruct movement around the pool and are present a trip hazard.”

Guidelines: Dealing with emergency evacuation

Manual handling risks associated with water birth pools

Water safety and infection control risks you should know about before choosing a birth pool

 

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Delivery and Installation

Delivery, Moving and Handling

Mainland UK Deliveries

Active Birth Pools delivered within the mainland UK are wrapped in protective packaging and placed in double walled boxes with corrugated sides.

The pools are delivered by our dedicated carrier on a week commencing basis.

If you require delivery on a specific date or at a specific time please contact us for a quote.

Box Size and Weight

  • Active Birth Pool:  1880 x 1690 x 790mm 100 kg
  • Venus Birth Pool: 1960 x 1390 x 790mm 90 kg
  • Princess Birth Pool: 1640 x 1140 x 790mm 80 kg

The carrier will deliver your birth pool to the receipt and distribution point.

You’ll be responsible for moving it to the room where it will be installed.

The pool should be moved from the delivery point in its cardboard box by turning it gently on its side onto a movers dolly or two.

This will enable it to be easily moved along corridors and through doorways.  Once the pool is in the room where it will be installed carefully open the cardboard box and remove the protective packaging.

Outside Mainland UK and International Deliveries

Active Birth Pools that are delivered outside the mainland UK are wrapped in protective packaging and placed in timber framed crates with plywood sides that conform to ISPM15 and are stamped accordingly.

Crate Size and Weight

  • Active II Water Birth Pool: 2050 x 1810 x 970mm 220kg
  • Active 360 Water Birth Pool: 2050 x 1810 x 970mm 220kg
  • Active 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column2050 x 1810 x 970 240kg
  • Venus II Water Birth Pool: 2050 x 1420 x 890mm 205kg
  • Venus 360 Water Birth Pool: 2050 x 1420 x 890mm 205kg
  • Venus 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column: 2120 x 1450 x 950  205kg
  • Princess II Water Birth Pool: 1670 x 1170 x 890mm 145 kg
  • Princess 360 Water Birth Pool: 1670 x 1170 x 890mm 145 kg
  • Princess 360 Water Birth Pool with Water Column: 1710 x 1170 x 890 165 kg

The birth pool should be unpacked from the timber crate but left in its protective packaging for moving from the delivery point to the room where it will be installed.

The pool should be gently turned on its side onto a padded movers dolly or two to  enable it to be easily moved along corridors and through doorways. It’s best to handle the pool by the rim as this is the strongest point.

Installation

When siting the water birth pool be sure to leave plenty of room around it (at least 80cm on the sides and 150-200cm in front) for midwives and attendants to move freely.

Prior to moving the birth pool into position against the wall the plumbing (taps and drainage) and electrical services should be in place ready for final connection to the pool.

Taps

Fix a 3/4″ thermostatically controlled mixer tap with a short spout on an IPS panel 25 cm above the rim of the pool (rim height 75cm).

We suggest that you consider the Rada T3 or similar as it is a digital tap that not only enables you to programme the water temperature but also the fill time.

A filling time of 20 – 25 minutes is acceptable.

Note: if you are utilising a bath/shower mixer or handheld shower be sure that the shower hose does not dangle in the pool as this is a significant infection control risk

Drainage

The pool is supplied with a bespoke 40mm pop up waste that is operated by a control that is fixed to the rim.

The waste is connected to a P Trap  and a McAlpine T25 adaptor

Height from the floor to the centre of the T25 adaptor is 11cm

From the T25 adaptor you can utilise of a wide variety of commonly available parts to connect to the pipework of the buildings drainage system.

When electrical and plumbing services are in place and ready for the final connection to the pool’s systems the pool should be moved into position and fixed to the floor.

Final connection of services can be carried out through the access panel when the pool is secured in place.

Fixing the birth pool to the floor

All feet MUST be in solid contact with the floor.

If the floor is not level or smooth be sure to adjust the feet or level the floor so that all of the feet are in firm contact with the floor and there is no rocking or movement.

The bottom flange of the outer panel should be in contact with the floor but is not the primary support structure of the pool and must not bear the full weight of the filled birth pool.

The water birth pool is supplied with 3 x 100 mm x 30 mm fixing brackets.

You’ll find the brackets taped to the pool just inside the access panel that can be opened with a 10mm Allen Key.

It is essential these brackets are securely fixed to the floor with suitable hardware to immobilise the pool and prevent it from moving when empty.

Failure to secure the pool to the floor with the fixing brackets will endanger the end user and VOID the guarantee.

Locating and fixing the brackets

Step 1: All Models:

Mark the central position of the water birth pool on the wall that it is being fitted on.

SStep 2:  Active II Water Birth Pool – front fixing bracket

Measure 1330 mm from the centre point on the wall and mark this as the point to locate the bracket so that the long flat piece is projecting away from the wall and the raised short section faces forward into the room.

Fix the bracket to the floor using suitable hardware.

Front bracket right centre – Back bracket lower left and right

Step 2: Venus II Water Birth Pool

– front fixing bracket

Measure 1330 mm from the centre point on the wall and mark this as the point to locate the bracket so that the long flat piece is projecting away from the wall and the raised short section faces forward into the room.

Fix the bracket to the floor using suitable hardware.

Front bracket right centre – Back bracket lower left and rightt

Step 2: Princess II Water Birth Pool – front fixing bracket

Measure 1020 mm from the centre point on the wall and mark this as the point to locate the bracket so that the long flat piece is projecting away from the wall and raised short section faces forward into the room.

Fix the bracket to the floor using suitable hardware.

Front bracket right centre – Back bracket upper left

Step 3: All Models

Place the birth pool at least 60 mm away from the rear wall before moving it onto the bracket and flush against the wall.

Push the birth pool towards the wall so that the flange of the pool slides under the bracket.

This secures the front of the pool to the floor.

Step 4: All Models – back fixing bracket

The 2nd fixing bracket should be fixed in position on the bottom flange of the pool below the access panel as indicated in the images above.

You will see that a hole has been drilled in the flange. Line the bracket up with this hole. You can fix the pool to the floor with a raw plug and suitable hardware to guarantee that it is secure.

The long flat piece should be fixed to the floor with suitable hardware so that the short section is holding the flange securely to the floor.

Step 5: All Models

Seal the water birth pool to the floor and wall using a suitable sealant to prevent ingress of water and dirt.

Installation 360 Models

Place the water birth pool in the exact location and orientation that you want it.

Mark the floor at the centre of the curve at the front of the pool.

Move the pool away.

Measure 6cm away from the mark you made and fix the front bracket in place.

Continue by following instructions above.

Water Column Installation 

Fixing the column to the floor

  1. Remove the access panel using a hex key and place it off to one side
  2. Locate the water column in the centre of the pool at least 25mm away from the back rim
  3. Mark the four anchor points on the floor and take the column away
  4. Drill four holes suitable for the hardware you will be using to anchor the pool to the floor. We recommend expansion bolts or similar fixings.
  5. If you are using expansion bolts place them in the holes and align the water column accordingly.
  6. Before tightening the bolts apply a generous amount of silicone to the underside of the flange.
  7. Tighten the bolts fully.

Fixtures and Fittings

The Water Column is designed to accept a variety of plumbing fixtures and associated fittings such as hand rails.

Installers will find that there is plenty of room inside to accommodate valves and pipework.

The front and sides of the column have been reinforced with 18mm thick plywood.

Ficore is an extremely hard material that is easy to drill provided you place strip of masking tape on the surface and use an HSS drill bit or wood hole saw to make the hole.

We suggest that you use a 120mm spout and fix it to the column at least 150mm above the rim of the pool.

The tap can  be fixed above the spout as shown in the image above.

Handrails and/or handheld showers can be fixed to the sides of the column on the flat sections.

Tap shown is a Rada Sense Bath/Shower  T3 DMV

Multi-Colour LED Lighting

Installation

Connect the light to a circuit breaker, then to the power supply.

The system should be protected by a 6 AMP RCD with 30 -32 MA Sensitivity.

The LED is transformed down to 12 volts and has a power rating of 2.5 watts.

A separate means of Isolation should be provided for future maintenance.

Operating voltage 220/230 volts – 50/60 hertz

Operating instructions

The system is operated by the control pad on the rim of the pool.

To activate the system press the button once.

The white light will come on.

To choose another colour continue to press the button and the system will cycle through the range of colours – light blue, blue, purple, magenta, red, pink, orange, yellow, apple green and green.

To turn the system off press and hold the button down for 2 seconds.

The light should be switched off when the pool is not in use.

Bluetooth Sound System

Connect the factory fitted bluetooth sound system to a circuit breaker and then to the power supply.

The system is always on standby waiting for users to pair and connect.

It’s operated directly from the users mobile phone or bluetooth enabled device and has no controls of its own.

N.B. If there is more than one birth pool with bluetooth sound being installed in the same unit you will need to fit a remote switch to enable the users to turn the system on and off.

This is to prevent people accidentally activating the system instead of the one in their room.

Transducer speaker

  • Frequency Range 20Hz-20KHz.
  • Maximum Power Output 50W at 4 Ohm.

Bluetooth Amplifier

  • Transmission Range 5m to 10m.
  • Maximum Power Output 2ch X 20W.
  • Operating voltage 220/230 volts – 50/60 hertz
  • Transformed Voltage 12 Volt DC / 3 amp.
  • Waterproof Rating IP67.

Cleaning and Care:

Safety comes 1st!

Active Birth Pools are Rated No.1 for water safety and infection control standards.

This is because the material we use (Ficore) is 5 x harder than other materials and is immune to the effects of disinfection with 10,000ppm hypo-chlorite.

Seamless one-piece construction and the absence of surface mounted metal work deny micro-organisms the environment they need to propagate.

Active Birth Pools Cleaning and Disinfection Guidelines

This is a two-step procedure – first cleaning of the pool and surround, then disinfection of the pool and surround.

  1. Prior to emptying the pool remove debris and larger particles from the water with a sieve to prevent it from blocking or obstructing the outlet.
  1. Use the standard infection control precautions (plastic apron, disposable gloves and eye protection) when cleaning the pool. Ensure the area is well ventilated.
  1. Cleaning – use a non-abrasive detergeant with non-abrasive sponge or cloth to thoroughly clean the pool. Ensure the tap is cleaned first, so as not to transfer micro-organisms from the “dirty” pool area to the cleaner tap region. Rinse well with warm water.
  1. Disinfecting – use chlorclean or similar hypochlorite disinfectant following the directions on the packet for mixing the solution to the correct concentration for disinfecting the birth pool and surround.  Do not use bleach as it is highly corrosive and could cause damage to the fittings.
  1. Apply the solution to the tap and spout prior to disinfecting the pool.
  1. There are 3 methods for disinfecting the pool that are commonly used in hospitals:

1) Fill the pool with cold water and add the requisite amount of disinfectant – leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is 100% effective but wasteful of water, time consuming and uses a large amount of disinfectant

2) Make up 2-3 litres of solution and pour it around the inside of the rim. Then use a new disposable mop or cloth to spread the disinfectant over the surface of the pool. Leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is economic in terms of time and cost but relies upon the person carrying out the task to ensure that 100% of the pools surface is disinfected.

3) Fill a spray bottle with disinfectant and thoroughly spray the surface of the pool and surround. Then use a new disposable mop or cloth to spread the disinfectant over the surface of the pool. Leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is economic in terms of time and cost but relies upon the person carrying out the task to ensure that 100% of the pools surface is disinfected

  1. Open the drain outlet and empty the pool of the disinfectant.
  1. Using cold water, rinse the tap then the pool to remove all traces of the disinfectant, to prevent any residue being left on the pool surface.
  1. Dry the entire surface of the pool using a new cloth or disposable mop head.
  1. Keep the drain outlet closed when not in use.

If you are duty flushing the taps with hot water/steam add a few inches of cold water to the pool first.

Damage resulting from higher water temperatures, steam cleaning or use of products not approved by Active Birth Pools will not be covered by our guarantee.

Protocols from hospitals using Active Birth Pools.

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Manual handling risks associated with water birth pools

There are manual handling issues and risks associated with water birth pools that affect both mothers and midwives.

Most of the risks stem from the design and equipping of the water birth pools themselves and this is where this article will focus.

These issues concern rim mounted fixtures and fittings, emergency evacuations, midwives comfort and support, and mothers getting in and out of the pool.

If you look at our birthing pools from the early 1990’s (above) you’ll notice the vertical skirting panels and narrow rims.

This design has serious manual handling issues which we resolved in 1995 with the help of Health Service Ergonomist Sue Hignett and the midwives at Nottingham City Hospital.

The problem is that the pool forms an obstacle between the mother and the midwife. Midwives are not supported or safeguarded and cannot sit closely to the mother in comfort.

They are forced to sit away from the pool with their legs splayed apart and then lean forward to be closer to the mother.

This creates the ideal physical dynamic that causes lower back pain (a common complaint from midwives attending water births).

In addition, the narrow rims are not comfortable for resting on as pressure is concentrated in a small area of the forearm.

To make matters worse these birthing pools:

–  make it more difficult for mothers to get into the pool necessitating  the need for large step units which put both mothers and midwives at risk.

– and more difficult for midwives to facilitate emergency evacuations.

The photo above tells a completely different story and clearly demonstrates why midwives say that our water birth pools are the most comfortable and user-friendly.

The concave skirting panel is contoured to the shape of the pool to maximise space under the rim.

The extra-wide rim has a bull-nosed shape edge for added comfort and support.

Midwives sit, fully supported in comfort with their legs well under the pool and forearms resting gently on the broad rim.

The unobstructed rim allows the midwives to move easily around the circumference of the pool.

Getting into the pool

The simple act of getting into the pool is one of the most misunderstood aspects relating to the use water birth pools.

The reason that some water birth pool suppliers offer multi-step units with handrails is because their pools have narrow rims.

The truth is that multi-step units are dangerous and in the case of Active Birth Pools with extra-wide rims unnecessary as the photos below clearly demonstrate.

With the help of Manual Handling  and Ergonomic Design  experts we designed a simple, safe way for mothers to get into our pools.

The distinctive extra-wide, bull-nosed shaped rim is relatively low making it perfect for mothers to sit on and gently swivel into the water.

There is no climbing – mothers are grounded at all times and safeguarded from risk.

All women no matter what their shape or size will find it exceptionally easy to get into our pools.

Mothers don’t even think about it – they move instinctively and naturally lower themselves into the water.

And midwives will be safeguarded from the risk associated with physically supporting mothers as they climbs up the steps.

To put this in perspective:

The average height of our pools is 75cm – about the same height as a desk or dining table.

Our 15cm high single step makes the height of the pool  60cm – the same height as an ordinary bathtub.

You don’t need a big step unit to get into your bath at home, do you?

Emergency Evacuations

Active Birth Pools give midwives safe, practical options for dealing with emergencies.

The extra-wide rim and internal seats of our pools allow midwives to facilitate emergency evacuations in a way that is birth practical and safe.

Midwives can situate the mother an internal seat and gently raise her with the help of the buoyancy that water provides up to the rim and onto a trolley.

Or, use a net that is specifically designed for this purpose.

Manual Handling advisors may insist that women are evacuated from the birth pool with a hoist and that this facility is provided for.

Active Birth Pools are the only pools on the market designed to accommodate portable hoists should the need arise.

For full details about how Active Birth Pools enable midwives to facilitate safe emergency evacuations including protocols from NHS Hospitals please go to this page.

Rim Mounted Fixtures and Fittings

Many water birth pools have an array of rim mounted fixtures and fittings including taps, spouts, handheld showers and hand grips (similar to those shown on the whirlpool bath below).

Not only do these fittings present an unacceptable infection control risk, but a signifiant health & safety and manual handling risk as well.

They form an obstruction that denies midwives freedom of movement and unencumbered access around the perimeter of the pool.

Most importantly there is a considerable risk of mothers hitting their head on the spout or injuring themselves on the protruding metal work.

If you look at our new Active II Water Birth Pool (above) you’ll notice how the rim is free of potentially dangerous fixtures and fittings.

The handgrips are set into a recess in line with the rim and bonded into the fabric of the pool to deny bacteria the environment they need to grow.

The taps are mounted on an IPS panel with the spout 25cm above the rim of the pool

The distinctive ‘keyhole’ shape channel at the back of the pool contains the plumbing making it impossible for the mother to hit her head on the spout.

Dealing with emergencies

It’s easy for mothers to get into our pools

Designed to optimise safety, negate risk and deliver safer birthing environments

Health and Safety risks you need to be aware of before buying a water birth pool

Purchasing a water birth pool is a big responsibility.

Not only must financial considerations be taken into account, but more importantly Health and Safety risks.

There are other manufacturers who produce water birth pools that are safe but, many water birth pools are equipped with features that at first might seem safe or even an advantage, but in reality present risks or breach regulations.

These water birth pools (mainly produced in Europe) are over engineered and equipped with a profusion of fittings and features that put mothers and midwives at risk.

(We’re not showing images of other birth pools to illustrate the points below as this could be contentious.)

This whirlpool bath clearly shows a large number of unsafe fittings and systems as applied to water birth pools.
Note the overflow drain, recirculating water system, Swan neck tap, integral shower, rim mounted plumbing and controls

Because they are mounted on the pool, close to the water the potential for pool mounted fixtures and fittings to become contaminated with bacteria and cross infect is greatly increased.

Rim Mounted Taps and Spouts

Rim mounted taps, spouts and showers are one the biggest Health and Safety risks

These fittings present a serious infection control risk as the space between the surface of the pool and the fitting is a suitable breeding ground for bacteria.

Remember – bacteria are microscopic – even though the fitting may appear flush to the surface of the pool there is space for micro-organisms to establish themselves.

The risk that bacteria will propagate in the moisture between the plate and the rim is unacceptable.

There is also a risk that rim mounted taps could be contaminated with water from the pool and flow back into the tap.

There is the potential for back contamination of the tap, with bacterial colonisation into the system in contravention of water fitting regulations

Taps and spouts for water birth pools should be wall mounted 25cm above the pool and fitted with back flow protection as shown in the photo of the Active II Water Birth Pool below:

Surface Mounted Hand Grips (internal and rim mounted)

Surface mounted handgrips are a serious infection control and manual handling risk.

Some water birth pools feature surface mounted hand grips similar to the ones shown above.

The is great potential for bacteria to become established between the fitting and the pool which makes these fittings an unacceptable infection control risk.

The risk of cross-infection is dramatically increased with surface mounted metalwork that is inside the pool as they come into direct contact with the water while the mother is using the pool.

From a manual handling perspective these handgrips are dangerous as they form an obstruction that mothers can hurt themselves on and they interfere with movement around the pool.

Swan Neck Taps

Swan neck taps are often seen mounted on the rims of water birth pools. Though attractive this type of tap presents a significant infection control risk.

Swan neck taps retain larger volumes of water which then stagnates and HFN 30 and HPSC recommends that swan-neck taps should not be used.

This is because they do not empty after use and could be prone to microbial biofouling with microorganisms including Legionella and P. aeruginosa the latter of which was associated with a swan neck tap during the neonatal outbreak in Northern Ireland  (HPSC, 2015).

Re-circulating water systems

Re-circulating or pumped systems with jets such as whirlpools and  jacuzzi present the perfect conditions for the growth of micro-organisms.

Water systems like these present the highest levels of risk as they produce aerosols.

Aerosols are generated when the water surface is broken – for example, by falling water droplets, splashing, or by bubbles breaking at the surface.

Once introduced to these systems, Legionella and Pseudomonas thrive and can become aerosolised and then inhaled.

Integral Plumbing Systems

Plumbing systems like these utilise flexible and non-flexible piping, overflow drains, handheld showers, pumps, hoses, heaters, surface mounted fittings and filters.

 These systems are impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor and therefore present an extremely high Infection Control Risk.

Stagnant water within the system is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.

UK regulations state that water birth pools fitted with thermostatically controlled  mixer taps plumbed directly into the hospitals water supply.

Hand held showers

Handheld showers present a significant infection control risk.

If the shower head falls in the pool it may be contaminated with bacteria that could breed and be passed on next time the shower is used.

Department of Health regulations clearly stipulate that handheld showers and bath/shower mixers are not installed for use with water birth pools as they present a Fluid Category 5 risk to the mains water supply.

N.B. There are systems available that enable you to detach the hose and shower head from the tap. These are permissible as long as the shower fittings are detached when the pool is in use and only employed afterwards for cleaning.

Integral Plumbing Systems

Plumbing systems like these utilise flexible and non-flexible piping, overflow drains, handheld showers, pumps, hoses, heaters, surface mounted fittings and filters.

These systems are impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor and therefore present an extremely high Infection Control Risk.

Stagnant water within the system is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.

UK regulations state that water birth pools should be filled with wall mounted, thermostatically controlled mixer taps plumbed directly into the hospitals water supply.

Pumped heating systems

Heating systems for water birth pools are not necessary and present unacceptable infection control risks.

Water is pumped through a heat exchanger and then back into the pool creating the ideal environment for bacteria to breed.

These systems present one of the highest infection control risks and should not be utilised.

Bacteria filters and disinfection systems

Some water birth pools are equipped with these devices in an attempt to mitigate the risk of infection and bacteria infestation that are inherent in built-in plumbing systems.

Bacteria filters and disinfection systems can not be relied upon and will not guarantee adequate hygiene standards.

Overflow drains

Overflow drains harbour bacteria and can serve as a conduit for cross infection.

Regulations are very clear on this point.

Overflow drains should not be fitted to water birth pools as they constitute a constant infection control risk.

Surface mounted metalwork

Metalwork such as grab rails, taps and handles are an obstacle that comes between mother and midwife.

These fittings ALL present a serious infection control risk as the space between the surface of the pool and the fitting are perfect for bacteria.

Remember – bacteria are microscopic – even though the fitting may appear flush to the surface of the pool there is space for bacteria!

Doors

There is no reason for a water birth pool to have a door and many reasons why they should not.

Doors are mistakenly used for two reasons:

  1. To facilitate emergency evacuations
  2. To help mothers get in and out of the pool

Doors present an extremely high risk of infection and should be banned from use in water birth pools for this reason alone.

The door seal (typically foam or rubberised material) is the perfect breeding ground for bacteria.

From manual handling perspective doors are not practical or fit for purpose.

They actually complicate emergency evacuations and put mothers and midwives at risk.

Water Birth Safety Initiative

Active Birth Pools: Water Safety, Hygiene and Infection Control

Manual handling risks associated with water birth pools

 

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Active Birth Pools and the Enduring Relevance of the “Ten Principles of Good Design”

In the world of design, few voices have resonated more deeply or enduringly than that of Dieter Rams. Known for his iconic work with Braun and Vitsoe, Rams articulated Ten Principles of Good Design—a framework that has influenced generations of designers across disciplines. His philosophy is rooted in clarity, functionality, sustainability, and the idea that design should exist in harmony with the user and the environment.

At Active Birth Pools, these principles are not just admired—they are intrinsically embedded into the company’s design ethos, guiding every aspect of product development, from material selection to user interaction. Here’s how each of Rams’ principles finds clear expression in the design and manufacture of Active Birth Pools:

  1. Good Design is Innovative

Innovation in Active Birth Pools is not about novelty for its own sake—it’s about continuous improvement in service of mothers and midwives. These pools integrate cutting-edge composite materials and ergonomic sculpting to meet the evolving needs of modern maternity care. Innovations such as integrated support features and seamless construction enhance both comfort and hygiene, setting new standards in birthing pool design.

  1. Good Design Makes a Product Useful

The primary purpose of a birthing pool is to support women through the physical and emotional journey of childbirth. Active Birth Pools are designed to enhance natural birth by promoting freedom of movement, buoyancy, and pain relief. Every contour, shape, and feature is purpose-built to serve both the mother’s needs and the midwife’s functionality requirements. Usefulness is paramount, with nothing superfluous or merely decorative.

  1. Good Design is Aesthetic

While functionality leads, aesthetics are not ignored. The organic shapes and flowing lines of Active Birth Pools evoke calm, safety, and softness. The visual harmony of the pools reflects the emotional atmosphere needed in a birthing environment—serene, supportive, and nurturing. Their presence in a room transforms a clinical setting into a place of dignity and intimacy.

  1. Good Design Makes a Product Understandable

An Active Birth Pool communicates its function intuitively. Without the need for instructions, women and birth professionals can immediately understand how to use its features. Thoughtful design—like strategically placed handholds and specially designed seats—ensures that interaction with the pool is natural and self-explanatory.

  1. Good Design is Unobtrusive

Active Birth Pools do not dominate the birth space; they complement it. With their minimalist, sculptural appearance, they create a quiet sense of readiness. The design does not impose itself but respects the primacy of the birth experience, providing a gentle, supportive presence that encourages empowerment and privacy.

  1. Good Design is Honest

There is no deception in an Active Birth Pool. Its form follows its function, and its materials are authentic and appropriate. The integrity of the design is reflected in visible quality and craftsmanship. There are no gimmicks—just a sincere commitment to excellence in support of natural birth.

  1. Good Design is Long-lasting

Active Birth Pools are built to last for decades and guaranteed for life. Using high-performance, medical-grade materials and precision manufacturing, these pools are designed for longevity in high-demand hospital environments. Their timeless design ensures they remain relevant and effective, resisting the ephemerality of trends. They are an investment in sustainable maternity care.

  1. Good Design is Thorough Down to the Last Detail

From the tactile, non-slip surfaces to the ergonomically optimised rim, every detail is meticulously considered. Nothing is left to chance. This attention to detail ensures safety, hygiene, and ease of use—critical aspects in any healthcare setting. It is a level of refinement that shows deep respect for both users and caregivers.

  1. Good Design is Environmentally Friendly

Active Birth Pools are created with sustainability in mind. Their durability reduces waste over time, while efficient manufacturing processes and long product life cycles contribute to lower environmental impact. The choice of materials reflects a commitment to health and environmental safety, aligning with the needs of an increasingly eco-conscious world.

  1. Good Design is as Little Design as Possible

This principle, perhaps more than any other, captures the soul of Active Birth Pools. There is no excess, no ornamentation, no distractions—only what is necessary to create the optimal environment for labour and birth. The purity of form, the clarity of purpose, and the simplicity of use reflect the ethos of “less, but better” in its purest expression.

Conclusion: Design with Integrity, Purpose, and Compassion

Dieter Rams’ principles are more than a manifesto for industrial design—they are a call for ethical, human-centered creation. Active Birth Pools has embraced these principles, not as a marketing tool, but as a core philosophy guiding every product decision.

By aligning with Rams’ Ten Principles, Active Birth Pools has created not only world-class birthing pools but also a legacy of design integrity in the service of life’s most profound moment—birth. In a healthcare landscape often dominated by cold functionality, Active Birth Pools reminds us that good design is compassionate design.

Riot Women Water Birth Scene Highlights the Difference Active Birth Pools Make

We were absolutely delighted when we saw this scene from episode 2 of BBC’s fabulous “Riot Women”.

What’s striking about this scene is the complete sense of ease shared by everyone present.

The mother is buoyant, relaxed and able to move freely in the warm water.

The midwife and partner are close at her side, stable, comfortable and fully involved.

One of the most distinctive features of our pools is the extra-wide rim, which allows attendants to tuck their legs underneath and rest their forearms comfortably on top.

Midwives and partners can sit on birth balls, which give them flexible, active support.

The combination of a wide rim, concave outer panel and dynamic seating allows attendants to maintain close contact and freedom of movement without strain or risk of injury.

They can easily lean forward, rest and adjust their position while staying balanced and comfortable.

For the mother, this means constant, reassuring presence from those supporting her.

For attendants, it means hours of comfort without fatigue – something other water birth pools simply can’t offer.

The other striking thing about this video is just how good this old pool – which was installed over 20 years ago looks.

A fine testament to the quality and durability of our water birth pools!

Please note – this video has no sound

Comprehensive guidelines for Active Birth Pools in Saudi Arabia by Dr. Omar Nouri

This document presents a comprehensive framework for implementing and managing water birth pools in Saudi healthcare facilities and can be applied to hospitals world-wide.

Developed by Dr. Omar Nouri of Horizon Bridges Company, these guidelines aim to support healthcare providers in introducing evidence-based water birth practices, ensuring the highest safety, hygiene, and efficiency standards.

Key Goals:

• Increase Awareness: Highlight the benefits and protocols for water birth among healthcare professionals.

• Standardize Practices: Establish consistent, high-quality water birth procedures across facilities.

• Enhance Training: Provide healthcare providers with the tools and knowledge needed for effective water birth management.

• Promote Safety: Ensure compliance with international standards for infection control and emergency preparedness.

These guidelines leverage the expertise of Active Birth Pools, recognized globally for their innovative design, unmatched safety, and ergonomic support.

From infection control measures to comprehensive staff training modules, the document offers a roadmap for introducing water birth as a modern, patient-centered maternity care option.

The content is designed for use by midwives, doctors, nurses, and hospital administrators, providing actionable insights to facilitate adoption and implementation in diverse healthcare settings.

Globally, water birth is increasingly recognised as a standard option for low-risk pregnancies, with guidelines from organisations such as NICE and RCOG supporting its use for healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies.

In Saudi Arabia, introducing water birth aligns with national healthcare goals to modernize maternity care and prioritise patient-centred options. By implementing water birth practices, healthcare providers can improve maternal outcomes and enhance overall satisfaction.

Click here for a downloadable PDF of Dr. Nouri’s – Comprehensive guidelines for Active Birth Pools in Saudi Arabia

 

“I’m proud to endorse these exceptional birthing pools.
Active Birth Pools are unmatched in quality, innovation, and design.
These pools align perfectly with Saudi Arabia’s vision for advancing
healthcare excellence and are set to transform birthing practices”
.
Dr. Omar Nouri, MBBS, MSc.  Horizon Bridges – Saudi Arabia

 

 

If Jony Ive Designed a Water Birth Pool, He Would Have Designed an Active Birth Pool

Sir Jony Ive is the British industrial designer best known for shaping the look and feel of the modern world. As the former Chief Design Officer at Apple, he led the design of iconic products including the iPhone, iMac and MacBook.

His philosophy is simple yet demanding: remove the unnecessary, refine the essential, and create objects that feel inevitable — as though they could never have been designed any other way.

If Jony Ive had turned his attention to maternity care and set out to design a water birth pool, it’s hard to imagine he would have created anything other than an Active Birth Pool.

Design That Begins With Purpose

At Active Birth Pools, design does not start with aesthetics. It starts with mothers, midwives, and clinical safety. Every curve, every surface, every fitting exists for a reason.

The pools are instantly recognisable — soft flowing internal lines, no harsh edges, no visual clutter. They look calm. Reassuring. Considered.

But like the best Apple products, the beauty is a by-product of rigorous function.

The distinctive rim is not just elegant; it is ergonomically profiled to support a woman in multiple birthing positions. The integrated handholds are placed exactly where instinct takes over.

The depth is carefully calculated to provide optimal buoyancy, supporting physiological birth while allowing midwives clear access when needed.

This is design that respects the user — both the mother and the clinician.

Simplicity That Conceals Complexity

One hallmark of Ive’s work is making the complex appear simple. The same is true here.

Behind the seamless surfaces lies serious engineering. Active Birth Pools are built for hospitals, designed to meet demanding infection control standards.

The one-piece, solid surface construction eliminates dirt traps and joints where bacteria can hide. The integrated waste systems, pipework, and access panels are engineered for reliability and longevity in high-use clinical environments.

Nothing is decorative. Nothing is arbitrary.

The result is a product that feels intuitive to use — because every detail has been thought through.

Human-Centred Innovation

Jony Ive often spoke about creating products that feel humane, that enhance experience rather than dominate it. Water birth pools are not simply clinical equipment; they are environments in which families meet for the first time.

Active Birth Pools understands this profoundly.

The pools create a sense of sanctuary within the birthing room. The soft geometry, the tactile materials, the quiet confidence of the design all contribute to a calmer atmosphere.

At the same time, midwives benefit from 360-degree access, carefully considered rim heights, and practical features developed through decades of collaboration with NHS maternity units and international hospitals.

This balance — emotional sensitivity combined with clinical precision — is rare.

Enduring, Not Disposable

Another parallel with Ive’s philosophy is longevity. Active Birth Pools are not temporary solutions.

They are capital investments for hospitals, designed to last for many years with minimal maintenance. Robust materials, precision fabrication, and thoughtful engineering reduce lifetime costs while maintaining performance.

They are not trends. They are standards.

Design That Feels Inevitable

The highest compliment often paid to an Apple product is that it feels obvious — as though it could not have been otherwise.

That same inevitability defines an Active Birth Pool.

When you see one installed in a maternity suite, it does not feel like equipment that has been added to the room. It feels like it belongs there. Like it was always meant to be there.

If Jony Ive had designed a water birth pool, it would not shout. It would not be ornate. It would not compromise.

It would be calm. Intelligent. Purposeful. Beautifully engineered.

It would be an Active Birth Pool.

Active Birth Pools Information Hub

Midwives have safe, practical options for dealing with emergencies

The evacuation a collapsed woman is potentially hazardous and poses risk of injury to mother and midwife.

If the need for an emergency evacuation arises the midwife should:

  1. summon help
  2. stabilise the mother
  3. turn the taps on to raise the water to rim level.

The buoyancy of the water reduces the relative weight of the mother by approximately 33% making it easier to move her and effect safe evacuation.

Midwives should float/move the mother onto a seat or support and hold her safely until help arrives.

 

Basics:

  1. The mother should be screened to ensure that she meets the inclusion criteria prior to entering the birth pool.
  2. Continuous risk assessment is essential to reduce the incidence of emergencies in the pool.
  3. At the first sign of a contraindication the mother should be asked to get out of the water and assisted from the pool for monitoring and care.
  4. If the mother is unable to leave the pool under her own power or has collapsed an emergency evacuation will need to be conducted.
  5. A trolley should be available
  6. for the mother to be moved onto.
  7. Care must be taken that proper lifting techniques are employed to avert strain & injury.

Example 1: Emergency evacuation utilising the labour support seat

DSC_5440

The mother has been moved onto and held on the labour support seat

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The midwives guide the mother onto rim by sliding her up the side of the pool

Once on the rim she can be easily transferred onto a trolley

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Example 2) Emergency evacuation utilising the safety seat

DSC_5469

The mother is moved into position under the safety seat

DSC_5471

The midwives glide her up the side of the pool

DSC_5473

Onto the safety seat,

and then onto the rim for transfer onto the trolley

DSC_5483

Active Birth Pools are portable hoist compatible

Manual Handling advisors may insist that women are evacuated from the birth pool with a hoist and that this facility is provided for.

Active Birth Pools are designed to accommodate a portable hoist should the need arise.

Clinical Guidelines – Royal Cornwall Hospital

Clinical Guidelines – Royal Worcester Hospital

Guideline for the Management of Women Requesting Immersion in Water  – Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals

Operational Policy and Clinical Guidelines – Abbey Birth Centre

Birthspace: An evidence-based guide to birth environment design – Queensland Centre for Mothers and Babies

Use of water for labour and birth – Hywel DDA Local health Board

Guidelines for use of pool during labour and delivery – East Cheshire NHS Trust

Guiding principles for midwifery care during normal labour – Barking, Havering and Redbridge NHS Trust

Waterbirth care during labour for low risk women – Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals

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Active Birth Pools: Value and Sustainability

Since its establishment in 1987, Active Birth Pools has been at the forefront of designing and supplying water birth pools.

Our commitment to ergonomic, safe, and high-quality birthing pools has made us a preferred choice for healthcare facilities globally.

Sustainable Materials and Production

Active Birth Pools emphasize sustainability through our use of Ficore® composite, a material known for its longevity, durability, and resistance to chemicals and bacteria.

With a life expectancy of over 25 years, it surpasses the durability of materials typically used in birthing pool manufacturing.

The pools are handcrafted in England by skilled craftsmen, ensuring reduced carbon footprint and support for local employment.

hospital birth pools client list

Midwives at the Royal Berkshire Hospital celebrate the 25th anniversary of their water birth facility. This Venus Water Birth Pool supplied in 1992 was the worlds first hospital grade specially designed water birth pool.

Product Sustainability

The design of Active Birth Pools focuses on durability and longevity, aiming to reduce waste and resource use over time.

The high insulation factor of Ficore® and the double-wall construction ensure better heat retention, reducing energy consumption for maintaining water temperature.

Ergonomic and User-Centered Design

In collaboration with midwives, obstetricians, and ergonomics experts, we have developed designs that cater to the comfort of mothers and healthcare professionals.

This approach aligns with human-centered design principles and contributes to the wellbeing and safety of users, enhancing the overall birthing experience.

Midwives at the `Bronte Birth Centre celebrate the opening of their water birth facility in their new Venus Pool

Economic Benefits

Active Birth Pools are cost-effective for healthcare facilities due to their durability and low maintenance needs.

They also contribute to reduced hospital stays and interventions, leading to economic savings for healthcare systems.

Social Responsibility

Safety and customer satisfaction are paramount in the design of these pools, addressing the needs of mothers, babies, and healthcare workers.

The positive feedback from a global clientele underscores the our commitment to quality and safety.

Conclusion

Active Birth Pools showcase a deep commitment to sustainability with their durable materials, ergonomic designs, and efficient production practices.

Our approach benefits the environment and promotes economic and social sustainability in healthcare.

The pools are guaranteed for life, outperforming others in the market in terms of safety, hygiene, and user satisfaction.

They are built to last for decades, saving up to £20,000 over the pool’s life due to their extended lifespan and reduced maintenance and energy costs.

Active Birth Pools not only offer financial savings but also reduce environmental impact through less waste and efficient use of resources.

They have become a favored choice in maternity units, often influencing mothers’ choice of facility.

Midwives praise the pools for their comfort and safety, and hospitals report that mothers using these pools experience easier, more straightforward births, leading to reduced hospital stays and further economic and environmental savings.

In summary, Active Birth Pools stand out as the most sustainable option in the market, significantly contributing to the normalisation and empowerment of the birthing process.

Why Active Birth Pools are the No. 1 choice world-wide

Catalogue, videos and plans

 

Active Birth Pools help mothers utilise upright postures to have better births

Studies have shown that upright labour positions are associated with a reduced second stage, fewer episiotomies or instrumental intervention in contrast to mothers labouring on their backs.

Women feel empowered in upright positions and experience a sense of control over their labour.

For birth, squatting and its variants are the positions closest to nature’s laws and are known as physiological birth positions.

These include full or semi squats, standing squats or various kneeling positions.

The use of such upright positions produce the following additional benefits in the second stage:

  • more powerful contractions resulting in an effective expulsive reflex
  •  optimal foetal oxygenation
  • minimal strain and muscular effort
  • an optimal angle of descent
  • maximum space for descent, rotation and emergence of the presenting parts through the pelvic outlet
  • optimal relaxation of the perineum

It has been demonstrated that where the use of upright positions during labour and birth is actively encouraged, the number of spontaneous physiological births increases.

Many women do not have the fitness or stamina to maintain upright postures for lengths of time.

On land women need to contend with the force of gravity that limits their ability to assume upright postures especially as labour progresses and they feel tired.

It’s easier for mothers to use upright or squatting positions in water than it is on land and to move freely from one position to another as they explore and find out what works best for them.

The transition from the land to water helps revive and energise the mother giving her a new lease on life and sense of purpose.

The buoyancy of water supports the mother reducing her relative weight by approx. 33% (Archimedes Principle) allowing her to easily explore the full range of beneficial upright positions in comfort and move in ways that were not possible on land.

Active Birth Pools are specially designed to provide optimum support for mothers in the range of upright positions natural to labour and birth.

The can hold onto the recessed handgrips or use the wrap around, bullnose-shape rim for support as the they move around the pool to explore and find the most beneficial upright positions.

Features such as the Labour Support Seat, Safety Seat and Lumbar Support create additional possibilities for mothers to benefit from the upright postures natural to labour and birth.

 

Sheila Kitzinger speaks about birthing pool design

As childbirth author and activist Sheila Kitzinger OBE wrote in her article ‘The clock, the bed, the chair’ published in 2003:

“Even a recent innovation, the birth pool, does not always permit free movement.

In theory, a pool allows a woman, supported by water, to move unencumbered.

Or so it might be thought.

Though published research often refers to mobility as an advantage of being in a pool, some pools are elaborate constructions with seats, handgrips and foot-rests, and movement in them is restricted.”

The pool dictates the position the mother should be in by placing her in a semi-recumbent posture with hand holds and foot rests to fix the arms and legs.

Mothers are positioned in the classic lying back with legs wide-open position but happen to be immersed in water.

The seats in these water birth pools are typically tilted backwards.

The mother is immobilised in a position with her pelvis tilted upwards resulting in her  pelvic outlet being up to 30% smaller.

This puts pressure on the sacrum which flexes upward, into a curved position that restricts the diameter of the pelvic outlet inhibiting the baby’s descent.

The birth canal is placed in an “uphill” orientation, forcing the mother to push upward against gravity to give birth to her  baby.

These seats and moulded fittings greatly reduce the space the mother has to move in and restricts her ability to use the positions most beneficial.

The benefits of labouring in water are largely negated.

The possibility of a physiological labour and natural birth is greatly reduced.”

 

The History of Water Birth and the Development of Specially Designed Water Birth Pools

The history of water birth and the development of specialised water birth pools is a remarkable story of innovation and transformation in childbirth practices, driven by the insights of obstetrician Michel Odent and the design expertise of Keith Brainin.

Michel Odent’s groundbreaking work in the field of water birth began in the late 1970s at a state hospital near Paris.

Odent believed that childbirth had become overly medicalized and sought a more natural approach.

He introduced a pool in the hospital to ease the pain of labor, leading to some babies being born in the water.

Michel Odent with his pool in the maternity unit in Pithiviers, France

This innovative approach offered a more comfortable and less stressful birthing experience for mothers, with warm water helping to relax muscles, reduce stress, and enhance blood circulation.

Odent’s work demonstrated a reduction in the need for interventions like epidurals and episiotomies, aligning with many parents’ desires for a minimally invasive childbirth experience.

His observations and clinical experiences suggested that water birth provided a gentle transition for babies, mirroring the amniotic fluid environment​​.

“When asked about the history of birthing pools in hospitals, I mention the day when Keith Brainin realised that special bath tubs might be designed and commercialised to meet the needs of labouring women.”   Michel Odent

1989 – Sheila Kitzinger and Ethel Burns raise money to have the first specially designed water birth pool installed in an NHS Hospital at the John Radcliffe, Oxford

Building on Odent’s pioneering work, Keith Brainin, founder and director of Active Birth Pools, developed the world’s first specially designed water birth pools.

Starting in 1987, Brainin and his team focused on design, engineering, and manufacture to develop a water birth pool that excelled in quality, functionality, and durability.

Judges at the Building Better Healthcare Awards said that, “Active Birth Pools are the pinnacle of water birth pool design and development – an incomparable combination of design, materials and manufacturing” 

The Active Birth Pool was designed with ergonomic principles to support natural childbirth postures and provide comfort for the mother.

Features like extra-wide rims, integrated handrails, and specially designed labor support and safety seats were included to enhance safety and functionality.

The use of Ficore composite for construction ensured a harder, more chemical-resistant, and warm-to-the-touch surface that retains heat efficiently.

Keith Brainin with Sheena Byrom and midwives in the Lotus Birth Centre, Royal London Hospital 2018

Additionally, the pools were equipped with features like chromotherapy LED lighting and Bluetooth sound systems, allowing mothers to personalize their birthing environment.

These innovations in water birth pool design have significantly contributed to the safety, comfort, and natural approach to childbirth​​.

Both Michel Odent’s clinical insights and Keith Brainin’s design innovations have played a crucial role in transforming childbirth practices, emphasizing the importance of a natural, holistic approach to labor and delivery.

Their contributions have been instrumental in making water birth a viable and increasingly popular option for expectant mothers worldwide.

Fluid modernities: the birthing pool in late twentieth-century Britain

2016 – Launch of the Water Birth Safety Initiative

Hospitals in the United Kingdom began allowing women to use specially designed pools of water for labour and birth during the 1980’s.

The wide-spread popularity and acceptance of water birth pools as a standard part of the maternity care package necessitated the development of guidelines & regulations to define standards and ensure they’re met.

The United Kingdom Department of Health has published a panoply of water safety directives that apply to water birth pools.

Policies and recommendations set forth in the Water Birth Safety Initiative are based upon these publications.

The Water Birth Safety Initiative (WBSI) calls for development of international standards modelled on the UK’s so that women the world over can benefit from the use of water for labour and birth safeguarded from risk.

The WBSI calls for the implementation of stricter protocols and sets forth recommendations for equipment standards.

The guidelines set forth in the WBSI are intended to serve as a framework of standards for birth pool suppliers, hospitals and midwives to work with to establish  safe codes of practice.

Guidelines for Water Birth Pools Installed in Hospital

Water is more prone to bacteria growth after it leaves the public water distribution system and enters a building’s plumbing.

There it finds warmer temperatures, stagnation, and smaller pipes, valves and fittings.

Biofilm that forms on valves and fittings and pipe walls not only feeds bacteria but also protects them from the hot water and chlorine that typically would kill free-floating organisms.

Large systems with complex piping networks — like those found in hospitals, hotels and large apartment buildings — are especially prone to bacteria growth.15

Water Birth Pools that are installed in hospitals have the benefit of being maintained by staff to ensure that protocols are established, met and maintained.

Consideration and due diligence with regard to the prospective purchase of water birth pools and the assessment of pools already in use needs to be taken to ensure that the associated plumbing and electrical systems meet relevant safety standards.

The United Kingdom’s Department of Health and National Health Service has an exemplary safety record achieved by establishing rigorous sets of guidelines and regulations for the design, installation, use and maintenance (cleaning/disinfection) of water birth pools.

In the UK water birth pools are classed as a Category Fluid 5 water risk which represents a serious health hazard due to the concentration of pathogenic organisms, radioactive or very toxic substances, e.g. containing faecal material or other human waste; butchery or other animal waste or pathogens.

Water Birth Pools must be installed in compliance with water regulations as set forth in The Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999.11

The 7 sins of water safety

To ensure high standards are met it is strongly advised that you do not use a water birth pool that has any of these features:

  1. Overflow drains
  2. Internal water inlets
  3. Hand-held showers
  4. Systems with flexible hoses or extended pipes
  5. Integral or secondary plumbing systems
  6. Any type of recirculating or pumped water systems such as whirlpool, jacuzzi, spa, bubbling, filtering etc
  7. Heating systems

1) Overflow drains

Overflow drains harbour bacteria and can serve as a conduit for cross infection.

Regulations are very clear on this point – overflow drains should not be installed on water birth pools as they constitute a constant infection control risk much more significant than the possible risk of damage due to water overflowing.11,12

Some digital taps on the market can be set for filling time thus obviating the risk of the pool overflowing.

2) Internal water inlets

Internal water inlets act in place of taps to fill the pool.

They are installed on the inside of the pool just above the water line and connected with pipework to a thermostatic valve.

If the water level rises there is a high risk of back flow enabling bacteria to enter the system creating a risk of cross infection.7

3) Handheld showers

Handheld showers present a significant infection control risk due to the fact that they can fall in the pool and be contaminated with bacteria that could breed and be passed on next time the shower is used.

Department of Health regulations clearly stipulate that handheld showers and bath/shower mixers are not installed for use with water birth pools. 13

Handheld showers present a Fluid Category 5 risk to the mains water supply.

It must not be possible to submerge the showerhead in the water due to risk of cross infection.

In order to comply with category 5 water regulations covering back siphonage, a class AUK3 air gap would be required, which generally prevents the use of handsets, unless there is a separate break tank installed in the hospital plumbing system.

4) Systems with flexible hoses or extended pipes

Systems that employ flexible piping, have branch pipes or hold stagnant water present a potential hazard and must not be used with water birth pools.

It is impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor these systems.

They have been proven to be a source of Legionella and Pseudomonas. 14

Weekly flushing recommendations recommended by the department of health cannot be executed with such systems, and the effectiveness of this cannot be monitored due to the inacessibility of the closed system.

5) Integral or secondary plumbing systems

Integral, secondary or proprietary plumbing systems are fitted to some water birth pools.

As these systems can employ flexible and non-flexible piping, overflow drains, handheld showers and are often pumped or recirculating they present a significant infection control risk and should be banned from use.

Regulations stipulate that water birth pools are filled from thermostatically controlled wall mounted mixer taps plumbed directly into the hospitals water supply with the minimum of pipework.

Not only do secondary or integral plumbing systems present unacceptable risks, they are impossible to clean, disinfect or monitor and therefore present an extremely high and unacceptable infection control risk.

They must not be present on pools used for labour and birth. 10

6) Recirculating or pumped water systems

Recirculating or pumped water systems such as whirlpool, jacuzzi, spa, bubbling, filtering etc. have the perfect environmental conditions to be a potential source for the growth of microorganisms, including legionella bacteria and must not be installed on water birth pools.

Water systems that are able produce aerosols represent the highest levels of risk.

Aerosols can be generated very easily when the water surface is broken -for example, by falling water droplets, splashing, or by bubbles breaking at the surface.

Once introduced to artificial water systems, Legionella can thrive in warm water (30 – 35 °C) and has been shown to be present on flexible seals and metal surfaces within plumbing systems used in domestic potable water supplies.

Inadequately maintained spa pools (birth pools with pumped or recirculating systems) provide ideal conditions to support the growth of legionellae and other microorganisms, which may then become aerosolised and subsequently inhaled.15


7) Heating systems

Heating systems for water birth pools are not necessary and present unacceptable infection control risks.7

There are two types of heating systems in use:

1. Recirculating system with a heat exchanger

Water is pumped out of the pool and through a heat exchanger and then flows back into the pool.

These systems present one of the highest infection control risks and should not be installed on a water birth pool under any circumstances. (covered by points 4, 5 and 6 above).

2. Electric heating systems

Similar to under floor heating found in homes do not present an infection control risk.

But, they do present an unacceptable health and safety risk and should therefore not be installed in water birth pools.

These systems consist of a network of cables embedded in the fabric of the birth pool that are attached to the power supply through a thermostat.

The heat is transmitted from the cables through the floor of the pool and then transferred to the water.

The inherent problem with these systems is that the water is relied on to take the heat away from the material.

If a woman remains motionless the heat becomes concentrated and a “hotspot” develops which can result in the woman being burned.

Recommendations

Plumbing for filling and emptying water birth pools should be simple, straight forward and kept to the minimum.

A set of taps (see below) mounted on the wall 15cm above the rim and a drainage system similar to that of a normal bath is all that is required.

Rim mounted taps present two areas of risk:

1. Women may hit their head on taps that are mounted on the rim of the pool causing injury.

In the throes of labour a woman is not as cognisant of her surroundings as she normally is.

She needs to be protected from the potential harm that could result from hitting her head or other part of her body on the spout.

2. Risk to the taps and pool caused by the labouring woman grabbing onto the spout for support could easily cause damage to the fitting or fabric of the pool.

Filling the birth pool

Water Birth Pools should be filled directly from the hospitals main water supply through a ¾ Thermostatic Mixing Valve (TMV).

To comply with UK National Health Service regulations the valve must have TMV3 approval for use in Healthcare and Commercial situations and certify that it conforms to the performance requirements of the Department of Health.16

To kill legionella and other bacteria, water in hospitals systems is heated to 60 – 80 °C.

Water temperature entering the birth pool should be limited by the TMV to 44 °C to prevent scalding.

The added benefit of using a TMV connected directly to the hospitals main water supply is that it can be set to automatically flush itself of stagnant water twice a day and be thermally disinfected periodically.

dsc_2965

The use of a TMV ensures a safe water supply.

Digital thermostatic mixing valves with enhanced thermal performance that incorporate these features are ideal:

1) Programmable control to accurately mix and maintain the temperature of the water flowing into the birth pool and limit the temperature of the water to 44 °C to prevent scalding.17

2) Programmable fill duration to fill the pool to the desired depth and then turn off.

This is important as water birth pools are not allowed to have overflow drains installed and this feature will prevent the pool from overflowing when unattended.

3) Programmable duty flushing to ensure that water does not stagnate within the tap and associated pipe work, effectively controlling the multiplication of legionella & other bacteria in infrequently used outlets.

Flushing duration is in line with HSE L8 recommendations.18

4) Programmable high-temperature thermal disinfection to destroy the proteins in viruses and bacteria and render them as dead or inert.

Thermal disinfection works by achieving a moist heat which is set at a specific temperature for a set amount of time.

Viruses and bacteria are very sensitive to heat and they will die if exposed to higher temperatures. 19

Emptying the Pool

Water from a birth pool needs to be treated as Fluid category 5 waste representing a serious health hazard due to the concentration of pathogenic organisms derived from fecal material or other human waste and emptied directly into the hospital’s waste water system.20

The pipework needs to have a trap or U bend fit as close to the waste/drain as possible.

The drainage fitting or waste should seal neatly into the drain.

The drainage fitting should be cleaned and flushed through with disinfectant and then dried as part of the cleaning protocol.

The waste should be kept closed when the pool is not in use.

There should be NO flexible pipe used in the drainage pipework.21

The waste should be remotely operated (i.e. pop up waste with rim mounted control) and of the best quality, preferably high-grade brass, to resist the corrosive action of chlorides and other disinfectants.

DSC_2915

End notes

The Water Birth Safety Initiative was conceived by Keith Brainin to motivate and enable birth pool suppliers and health care professionals to raise standards and implement protocols to make water birth safe.

References

[1] Healio – Infectious Disease News. (2014, December 26). Legionellosis death after water birth sparks call for stricter infection control protocols. http://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/practice management/news/online/%7Bfe352169-755d-4d21-9bb2-abb8ae209f89%7D/legionellosis-death-after-water-birth-sparks-call-for-stricter-infection-control-protocols

[2] Inquisitr. (2015, January 16). Oregon Water Birth Leaves Baby Disabled, Lawsuit Wants Labor Options Banned. http://www.inquisitr.com/1761136/oregon-water-birth-leaves-baby-disabled-lawsuits-wants-labor-options-banned/

[3] GOV.UK. Alert after Legionnaires’ disease case in baby, 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/alert-after-legionnaires-disease-case-in-baby

[4] The Guardian. Legionnaires’ disease in baby is linked to heated birthing pool, June 17, 2014.http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/jun/17/legionnaires-disease-heated-birthing-pool-baby-public-health

[5] Guidance from the  Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS) https://www.wras.co.uk/consumers/advice_for_consumers/what_are_the_water_regulations_/

[6] M.W. LeChevallier, 2003 World Health Organization (WHO). Conditions favouring coliform and HPC bacterial growth in drinking- water and on water contact surfaces. Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety. Edited by J. Bartram, J. Cotruvo, M. Exner, C. Fricker, A. Glasmacher. Published by IWA Publishing, London, UK. ISBN: 1 84339 025 6.

[7] www.gov.uk. Public Health England advice on home birthing pools, 2014.  https://www.gov.uk/government/news/public-health-england-advice-on-home-birthing-pools

[8] Health and Safety Executive. (2013). Legionnaires’ disease: Technical guidance [3.4], 2013. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg274part3.pdf

[9] United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust UK. Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilization Guidelines for Re-Usable Medical Devices 2010.
http://www.activebirthpools.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Lincolnshire-CLEANING-DISINFECTION-AND-STERILIZATION-GUIDELINES-FOR-RE-USABLE-MEDICAL-DEVICES.pdf

[10] http://www.eurosurveillance.org. Case of legionnaires’ disease in a neonate following an home birth in a heated birthing pool. England, June 2014 http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20857

[11] Water Regulations Advisory Scheme (WRAS). Fluid Categories. https://www.wras.co.uk/consumers/resources/glossary/fluid_categories/

[12] WHBN 00-10 Welsh Health Building Note. Part C: Sanitary assemblies2014, http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/documents/254/WHBN%2000-10%20Part%20C.pdf

[13] Department of Health, Children, young people and maternity services. Health Building Note 09-02: Maternity care facilities, 2009.
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/147876/HBN_09-02_Final.pdf

[14] Freije, Matthew R. Some waterborne bacteria are tough, 2010. http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/some-waterborne-bacteria-are-tough

[15] Woolnough, Kevin. Legionella Expert Calls for Greater Vigilance, 2014. http://www.eurofins.co.uk/news-archive/legionella-expert-calls-for-greater-vigilance.aspx

[16] BEAMA. TMV Standards and regulations, 2013. http://www.beama.org.uk/en/product-areas/heating-hot-water–air-movement/thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmva-faqs-on-thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmv-standards-and-regulations.cfm

[17] Health and Safety Executive. Managing the risks from hot water and surfaces in health and social care, 2012. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsis6.pdf

[18] Health and Safety Executive. Legionnaires’ disease The control of legionella bacteria in water systems, 2013. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l8.pdf

[19] Health and Safety Executive. Managing legionella in hot and cold water systems. http://www.hse.gov.uk/healthservices/legionella.htm

[20] SMS Environmental – the water experts. Fluid Categories. http://www.sms-environmental.co.uk/fluid_categories.html.

[21] Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust. Legionella Management and Control Procedures, 2014.

Bibliography

  • Ashford and St. Peter’s Hospitals, Women’s Health and Paediatrics Division (Abbey Birth Centre). Operational Policy and Clinical Guide, 2014.
  • BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE NHS FOUNDATION TRUST . CLEANING, DISINFECTION AND STERILISATION POLICY. Prod. Helen Campbell. BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE, BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE, 2010.
  • BEAMA. TMV Standards and regulations. 2013. http://www.beama.org.uk/en/product-areas/heating-hot-water–air-movement/thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmva-faqs-on-thermostatic-mixing-valves/tmv-standards-and-regulations.cfm (accessed 2014 йил 24-09).
  • Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust. Water birth and use of water in labour guideline. Prod. Miss G Tasker and Audrey Warren. 2013.
  •  Dekker, Rebecca. “Evidence on the Safety of Water Birth.” http://evidencebasedbirth.com/. 2014. http://evidencebasedbirth.com/waterbirth/ (accessed 2014 10-09).
  • Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999 Guidance Document relating to Schedule 1: Fluid Categories and Schedule 2: Requirements For Water Fittings. 1999. http://archive.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/water/industry/wsregs99/documents/waterregs99-guidance.pdf.
  • Department of Health. Children, young people and maternity services Health Building Note 09-02: Maternity care facilities. 2009.

—. “Health Building Note 00-09: Infection control in the built environment.” www.gov.uk. 2002. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/170705/HBN_00-09_infection_control.pdf (accessed 2014 6-12).

—. “Health Technical Memorandum 64: Sanitary assemblies.”  2006. http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/documents/254/HTM%2064%203rded2006.pdf (accessed 2014 10).

—. “Water systems Health Technical Memorandum 04-01: Addendum” .2013. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/140105/Health_Technical_Memorandum_04-01_Addendum.pdf (accessed 01 2014-10).

 —. “Water systems Health Technical Memorandum 04-01: The control of Legionella , hygiene, “safe” hot water, cold water and drinking water systems”. 2006.

  • DH, Estates & facilities. Water systems Health Technical Memorandum 04-01: Addendum . Department of Health, Department of Health.
  • Elizabeth R Cluett, Ethel Burns. Immersion in water in labour and birth. 2009.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD000111.pub3/abstract (accessed 2013 13-05).
  • Elyse Fritschel, Kay Sanyal, Heidi Threadgill, and Diana Cervantes. Emerging Infectious Diseases.CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC. 2014. http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/21/1/14-0846_article (accessed 2015 5-January).
  • Freije, Matthew R. Some waterborne bacteria are tough . 2010. http://www.watertechonline.com/articles/some-waterborne-bacteria-are-tough (accessed 2015 20-01).
  • GOV.UK. Alert after Legionnaires’ disease case in baby. 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/alert-after-legionnaires-disease-case-in-baby (accessed 2014 3-12).
  • GOV.UK. Public Health England advice on home birthing pools. 2014. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/public-health-england-advice-on-home-birthing-pools (accessed 2014 03-August).
  • Healio – Infectious Disease News. Legionellosis death after water birth sparks call for stricter infection control protocols. 2014. http://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/practice-management/news/online/%7Bfe352169-755d-4d21-9bb2-abb8ae209f89%7D/legionellosis-death-after-water-birth-sparks-call-for-stricter-infection-control-protocols (accessed 2015 07-01).
  • Health and Safety Executive. Legionnaires’ disease The control of legionella bacteria in water systems. 2013. (accessed 2014 07-07).

—. “Legionnaires’ disease: Technical guidance.”  2013. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg274part3.pdf (accessed 2014 20-10).

—. Managing legionella in hot and cold water systems. http://www.hse.gov.uk/healthservices/legionella.htm (accessed 2015 07-01).

—. “Managing the risks from hot water and surfaces in health and social care.”  2012. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsis6.pdf (accessed 2014 20-11).

  •  Health Facilities Scotland. Consultation draft of SHTM 04-01 Water Safety for Healthcare Premises Part G: Operational Procedures and exemplar Written Scheme 2013. Health Facilities Scotland.
  •  Inquisitr. Oregon Water Birth Leaves Baby Disabled, Lawsuit Wants Labor Options Banned. 2015.http://www.inquisitr.com/1761136/oregon-water-birth-leaves-baby-disabled-lawsuits-wants-labor-options-banned/ (accessed 2015 16-01).
  •  Laura Franzin, Carlo Scolfaro, Daniela Cabodi, Mariangela Valera, and Pier Angelo Tovo. Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia in a Newborn after Water Birth: A New Mode of TransmissionOxford Journals, November 2001: 104.
  • Legionella Control. Birthing Pool Death Linked To Legionnaires disease. https://legionellacontrol.com/blog/166-birthing-pool-death-linked-to-legionnaires-disease (accessed 2014 27-11).
  •  Legislation.gov.uk. The Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations 1999.The National Archives. 1999. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1148/contents/made (accessed 2015 05-01).
  •  M.W. LeChevallier, World Health Organisation. Conditions favouring coliform and HPC bacterial growth in drinkingwater and on water contact surfaces . 2003.
  •  N Phin, T Cresswell, F Parry-Ford on behalf of the Incident Control Team. CASE OF LEGIONNAIRES’ DISEASE IN A NEONATE FOLLOWING A HOME BIRTH IN A HEATED BIRTHING POOL, ENGLAND, JUNE 2014.http://www.eurosurveillance.org. 2014. http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20857 (accessed 2015 10-01).
  •  Nottingham University Hospitals. LEGIONELLA MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL PROCEDURES. May 8, 2014.
  • Rosanna A. Zanetti-Daellenbach, Sibil Tschudin, Xiao Yan Zhong, Wolfgang Holzgreve, Olav Lapaire, Irene Ho ̈sli. Maternal and neonatal infections and obstetrical outcome in water birth . Prod. Women’s University Hospital Basel. Spitalstrasse, Basel: European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , 2006 28-August.
  • SMS Environmental – the water experts. Fluid Categories. http://www.sms-environmental.co.uk/fluid_categories.html.
  • Takuhito Nagai, Hisanori Sobajima, and Mitsuji Iwasa. A fatal newborn case of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia occurring after water birth in a bathtub with an all day circulating system, June 1999 – Nagoya City.http://idsc.nih.go.jp/. 2000. http://idsc.nih.go.jp/iasr/21/247/de2474.html (accessed 2014 17-06).
  • Takuhito Nagai, Hisanori Sobajima, Mitsuji Iwasa, Toyonori Tsuzuki, Fumiaki Kura, Junko Amemura-Maekawa, and Haruo Watanabe. Neonatal Sudden Death Due to Legionella Pneumonia Associated with Water Birth in a Domestic Spa Bath. 2002.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC154682/ (accessed 2014 3-12).
  • The Guardian. Legionnaires’ disease in baby is linked to heated birthing pool . 2014. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2014/jun/17/legionnaires-disease-heated-birthing-pool-baby-public-health (accessed 2014 18-June).
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta, GA 30333. Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control in Health-Care Facilities . 2003.
  • UNITED LINCOLNSHIRE HOSPITALS NHS TRUST. CLEANING, DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION GUIDELINES FOR RE-USABLE MEDICAL DEVICES. Lincolnshire, 2010 January.
  • Water Regulations Advisory Scheme. Fluid Categories . https://www.wras.co.uk/consumers/resources/glossary/fluid_categories/ (accessed 2014 3-12).
  • which.co.uk. Having a water birth and using birth pools. http://www.which.co.uk/birth-choice/articles/using-water-in-labour.
  • Woolnough, Kevin. Legionella Expert Calls for Greater Vigilance. http://www.eurofins.co.uk/news-archive/legionella-expert-calls-for-greater-vigilance.aspx (accessed 2015 17-01).

Please feel free to distribute and share this document crediting  © K. D. Brainin (Active Birth Pools) 2015

Active Birth Pools: Ethos and Values Statement

Active Birth Pools, established in 1987, has played a pioneering role in the use of water for labour and birth.

Their values and approach can be comprehensively understood by examining various aspects of their operations and products.

Innovation and Pioneering Spirit:

Active Birth Pools helped pioneer the use of water in labour and birth, working closely with midwives, mothers, obstetricians, and experts in infection control and manual handling.

This collaborative approach led to the development of the world’s first specially designed hospital-grade water birth pool, demonstrating their commitment to innovation and improvement in maternity care​​​​.

Safety, Value, and Performance:

The company emphasizes these core principles in their products.

They focus on producing birthing pools that are safe, offer great value, and perform exceptionally.

This focus is evident in their use of specialized materials like Ficore®, a proprietary material known for its durability, practicality, and safety features.

Ficore® pools, for example, retain heat efficiently and are resistant to bacteria and harsh disinfectants, ensuring high standards of hygiene​​​​​​.

Ergonomic Design:

Active Birth Pools employs evidence-based, user-centred ergonomic design principles.

Their pools are crafted to meet the comfort needs of both mothers and midwives, featuring designs that support various positions like sitting, kneeling, and squatting.

The wide rims of the pools allow midwives to rest comfortably, akin to sitting at a desk, which showcases their consideration for both the users’ comfort and practicality​​.

Customer Feedback and Endorsements:

The company values customer feedback and has received numerous positive testimonials from healthcare professionals and mothers.

These testimonials often highlight the comfort, ease of use, safety, and practicality of the pools, reflecting the company’s dedication to quality and user satisfaction​​.

Build Quality and Guarantee:

Active Birth Pools are hand-made to order in England by highly skilled craftsmen who take great pride in their work and are dedicated to excellence.

Active Birth Pools offers a lifetime guarantee on their water birth pools, which reflects their commitment to quality and durability.

This lifetime guarantee is a testament to the trust the company places in its design, materials and manufacturing processes.

Sustainability and Longevity:

Active Birth Pools places importance on sustainability.

Their pools have a life expectancy exceeding 25 years, making them a sustainable choice in comparison to other birthing pools with shorter lifespans.

This longevity not only provides value for money but also aligns with environmental sustainability principles​​.

Global Reach and Experience:

With a history spanning several decades, Active Birth Pools has supplied thousands of water birth pools worldwide.

Their extensive experience and knowledge in the field have made them a leading choice for hospitals and midwives globally.

This worldwide reach underlines their commitment to improving maternity care on a global scale​​.

In summary, Active Birth Pools’ values are centred around innovation, safety, ergonomic design, customer satisfaction, sustainability, and a global perspective in improving maternity care.

These values have guided their operations and product development, positioning them as a leader in the water birth pool market.

Winner – Building Better Healthcare Awards

 

Catalogue, information, videos and plans

 

Cleaning and Care

Safety comes 1st!

Active Birth Pools  are Rated No.1 for water safety and infection control standards.

This is because the material we use (Ficore) is 5 x harder than other materials and is immune to the effects of disinfection with 10,000ppm hypo-chlorite.

Seamless one-piece construction and the absence of surface mounted metal work deny micro-organisms the environment they need to propagate.

Active Birth Pools Cleaning and Disinfection Guidelines

This is a two-step procedure – first cleaning of the pool and surround, then disinfection of the pool and surround.

  1. Prior to emptying the pool remove debris and larger particles from the water with a sieve to prevent it from blocking or obstructing the outlet.
  1. Use the standard infection control precautions (plastic apron, disposable gloves and eye protection) when cleaning the pool. Ensure the area is well ventilated.
  1. Cleaning – use a non-abrasive detergeant with non-abrasive sponge or cloth to thoroughly clean the pool. Ensure the tap is cleaned first, so as not to transfer micro-organisms from the “dirty” pool area to the cleaner tap region. Rinse well with warm water.
  1. Disinfecting – use an approved hypochlorite disinfectant listed in the table below following the directions on the packet for mixing the solution to the correct concentration for disinfecting the birth pool and surround.
  1. Apply the solution to the tap and spout prior to disinfecting the pool.
  1. There are 3 methods for disinfecting the pool that are commonly used in hospitals:

1) Fill the pool with cold water and add the requisite amount of disinfectant – leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is 100% effective but wasteful of water, time consuming and uses a large amount of disinfectant

2) Make up 2-3 litres of solution and pour it around the inside of the rim. Then use a new disposable mop or cloth to spread the disinfectant over the surface of the pool. Leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is economic in terms of time and cost but relies upon the person carrying out the task to ensure that 100% of the pools surface is disinfected.

3) Fill a spray bottle with disinfectant and thoroughly spray the surface of the pool and surround. Then use a new disposable mop or cloth to spread the disinfectant over the surface of the pool. Leave for ten minutes.

The advantage of this method is that it is economic in terms of time and cost but relies upon the person carrying out the task to ensure that 100% of the pools surface is disinfected

  1. Open the drain outlet and empty the pool of the disinfectant.
  1. Using cold water, rinse the tap then the pool to remove all traces of the disinfectant, to prevent any residue being left on the pool surface.
  2. Dry the entire surface of the pool using a new cloth or disposable mop head.
  3. Keep the drain outlet closed when not in use.

Damage resulting from exposure to higher water temperatures, or steam cleaning or will not be covered by our guarantee.

If you are duty flushing the taps with hot water/steam add 10cm of cold water to the pool first.

Our North American Distributor, Tim Johnson Grass has produced a Cleaning & Disinfection Protocol for our water birth pools  in US and Canadian Healthcare Facilities which is recommended reading  for Infection Control Personnel – click here to download it: ABP Cleaning and Disinfection Protocol

Active Birth Pools – Approved Disinfectants Suitable for Ficore

This table lists hospital disinfectants suitable for use with Active Birth Pools made from Ficore composite.
Always follow manufacturer IFU (dilution and contact time) and then rinse and dry surfaces as per our cleaning and disinfection guidelines.

#
Disinfectant / Product Type
Common Hospital Brands / Examples
Active Ingredient
Hospital Use / Notes
Ficore Suitability (Pool Surface)
Key Cautions
1
NaDCC chlorine disinfectant tablets (general)
Generic “NaDCC tablets” worldwide
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC / troclosene sodium)
Global hospital standard for surface disinfection, spills
Highly suitable
Rinse after use to prevent residues
2
Actichlor Plus tablets
Ecolab Actichlor Plus
NaDCC + detergent
Designed for healthcare surface/environment disinfection; broad spectrum & sporicidal capability
Highly suitable
Use correct dilution/contact time
3
Chlor-Clean tablets
Guest Medical Chlor-Clean
NaDCC + detergent
Cleaning + disinfecting combined; healthcare product
Highly suitable
Follow packet directions
4
Presept tablets / granules
ASP / Presept
NaDCC (troclosene sodium)
Widely used in healthcare hard-surface disinfection
Highly suitable
Clean first, then disinfect
5
Haz-Tab tablets / granules
Guest Medical Haz-Tab
NaDCC
Used internationally for outbreaks/spills/surface disinfection
Highly suitable
Rinse thoroughly after contact time
7
Chlorine dioxide system (surface disinfectant)
Tristel Fuse for Surfaces
Chlorine dioxide (generated from components)
Premium sporicidal surface disinfection, widely used in hospitals
Suitable
Must be rinsed off fittings/surfaces after contact time

Do not use hydrogen chloride (bleach) or hydrogen peroxide as they are highly corrosive and will cause the metal fittings to rust and may damage the surface of the pool.

If you want to use another product please contact us for approval as damage resulting from unapproved products will not be covered by our guarantee.

Hospitals worldwide are starting to use Copper / Silver orca disinfection systems in an effort to combat bacterial issues and improve water safety.

We have discovered that there is great potential for staining with the Copper / Silver orca disinfection system

Copper-silver ionization systems introduce trace amounts of copper into the pool water.

In some cases, exposure to elevated copper levels can lead to staining of the sanitary ware and other surfaces, such as walls, floors, or fixtures.

This study goes into great detail – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7384302/

Please note that staining caused by these systems is NOT covered by our guarantee.

If your hospital is using one of these water treatment systems we suggest that you contact the department responsible for water safety as regular monitoring and appropriate copper levels are essential to mitigate the risk of staining.

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